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Notes
OECD, Tackling Wasteful Spending on Health, (Paris, OECD Publishing, 2017).
Kalipso Chalkidou and John Appleby, “Eliminating Waste in Healthcare Spending”, British Medical Journal [Bmj] 356 (2017), p. j570 and OECD, Tackling Wasteful Spending on Health, (Paris, OECD Publishing, 2017).
OECD, Tackling Wasteful Spending on Health, (Paris, OECD Publishing, 2017), p. 61.
Donald M. Berwick and Andrew D. Hackbarth, “Eliminating Waste in US Health Care”, Jama 307, no. 14 (2012), pp. 1513-1516.
OECD, Tackling Wasteful Spending on Health, (Paris, OECD Publishing, 2017), pp. 61-64.
Richard Hurley, “Can Doctors Reduce Harmful Medical Overuse Worldwide?”, BMJ : British Medical Journal 349 (2014), p. g4289.
OECD, Tackling Wasteful Spending on Health, (Paris, OECD Publishing, 2017), p. 73.
Rebecca Riffkin, Cost Still a Barrier Between Americans and Medical Care, 28 November 2014, https://news.gallup.com/poll/179774/cost-barrier-americans-medical-care.aspx, consulted 29 January 2019.
OECD, Tackling Wasteful Spending on Health, (Paris, OECD Publishing, 2017), p. 159.
Ibid., p. 159.
Donald M. Berwick and Andrew D. Hackbarth, “Eliminating Waste in US Health Care”, Jama 307, no. 14 (2012), pp. 1513-1516.
OECD, Tackling Wasteful Spending on Health, (Paris, OECD Publishing, 2017), p. 229.
OECD, Tackling Wasteful Spending on Health: Highlights, (Paris, OECD Publishing, 2017), http://www.oecd.org/els/health-systems/Tackling-Wasteful-Spending-on-Health-Highlights-revised.pdf, consulted 29 January 2019.
OECD, Tackling Wasteful Spending on Health, (Paris, OECD Publishing, 2017), p. 232.
Ibid., p. 232.
World Health Organization, Global Health Expenditure Database, 25 January 2019, http://apps.who.int/nha/database/, consulted 29 January 2019.
Reference made to data available from The World Factbook, Country Comparison :: Infant Mortality Rate, https://www.cia.gov/LIBRARY/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/354rank.html, consulted 29 January 2019 and The World Factbook, Country Comparison ::Life Expectancy at Birth
physician-led campaign “Choosingacesation to nity cost, whereas on the individual level nd the UK, which assert the high spend, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/fields/355rank.html, consulted 29 January 2019.
Reference made to Karen Davis, Kristof Stremikis, David Squires and Cathy Schoen, Mirror, Mirror on the Wall, 2014 Update: How the U.S. Health Care System Compares Internationally, 16 June 2014, https://www.commonwealthfund.org/…, consulted 29 January 2019.
University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute, What and Why We Rank: County Health Rankings Model, 2018, http://www.countyhealthrankings.org/explore-health-rankings/what-and-why-we-rank, consulted 29 January 2019.
Donald M. Berwick and Andrew D. Hackbarth, “Eliminating Waste in US Health Care”, Jama 307, no. 14 (2012), pp. 1513-1516.
OECD, Tackling Wasteful Spending on Health, (Paris, OECD Publishing, 2017), p. 74.
Donald M. Berwick and Andrew D. Hackbarth, “Eliminating Waste in US Health Care”, Jama 307, no. 14 (2012), pp. 1513-1516.
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Why does the Federal Reserve Aim for 2 Percent Inflation Over Time, 26 January 2015, https://www.federalreserve.gov/faqs/economy_14400.htm, consulted 29 January 2019 and Bank of England, Inflation and the 2% target, 22 January 2019, https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/monetary-policy/inflation, consulted 29 January 2019.
Data sources for the US: Bureau of Labor Statistics, CUUR0000SA0 (all Items); CPI-all Urban Consumers (Current Series) and CUUR0000SAM (Medical Care); CPI-all Urban Consumers (Current Series), https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?cu, consulted 29 January 2019; data sources for the UK: Office for National Statistics, Cpi Index 00: All Items 2015=100 and Cpi Index 06: Health 2015=100, https://www.ons.gov.uk/, consulted 29 January 2019.
Reference made to The Economist, Why Trump’s Plan Will Not Cut Drug Prices, 19 May 2018, https://www.economist.com/leaders/2018/05/19/why-trumps-plan-will-not-cut-drug-prices, consulted 29 January 2019.
Reference made to data available from The King's Fund, The NHS Budget and how it has Changed, 02 May 2017, https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/projects/nhs-in-a-nutshell/nhs-budget, consulted 29 January 2019.
Gerard F. Anderson, Uwe E. Reinhardt, Peter S. Hussey and Varduhi Petrosyan, “It’s the Prices, Stupid: Why the United States is so Different from Other Countries”, Health Affairs 22 (2003).
Ibid.
Gerard F. Anderson, Uwe E. Reinhardt, Peter S. Hussey and Varduhi Petrosyan, “It’s the Prices, Stupid: Why the United States is so Different from Other Countries”, Health Affairs 22 (2003).
John Appleby, Making sense of PFI, 6 October 2017, https://www.nuffieldtrust.org.uk/resource/making-sense-of-pfi, consulted 29 January 2019.
Declan Gaffney, Allyson M. Pollock, David Price and Jean Shaoul, “PFI in the NHS—is there an economic case?”, BMJ 319 (1999), pp. 116-119.
Ibid.
National Audit Office, PFI and PF2, (London: National Audit Office, 2018), p. 14.
Declan Gaffney, Allyson M. Pollock, David Price and Jean Shaoul, “NHS capital expenditure and the private finance initiative—expansion or contraction?”, BMJ 319, no. 7201 (1999), pp. 48-51.
NHS Improvement, Update on Carillion liquidation, 15 January 2018, https://improvement.nhs.uk/news-alerts/update-carillion-liquidation/, consulted 29 January 2019.
Donald M. Berwick and Andrew D. Hackbarth, “Eliminating Waste in US Health Care”, Jama 307, no. 14 (2012), pp. 1513-1516.
OECD, Tackling Wasteful Spending on Health, (Paris, OECD Publishing, 2017), p. 232.
Donald M. Berwick and Andrew D. Hackbarth, “Eliminating Waste in US Health Care”, Jama 307, no. 14 (2012), pp. 1513-1516.
The House of Commons: Health Committee, Public Expenditure on Health and Personal Social Services 2009, (London: The Stationery Office Limited, 2010), p. Ev 179.
The King’s Fund, Myth four: the NHS has too many managers, https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/projects/health-and-social-care-bill/mythbusters/nhs-managers, consulted 29 January 2019.
The King’s Fund, NHS staffing numbers, 20 May 2017, https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/projects/nhs-in-a-nutshell/nhs-staffing-numbers, consulted 29 January 2019.
Reference made to data available from NHS Digital, NHS Staff Earnings Estimates - September 2018, Provisional Statistics, 20 December 2018, https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/nhs-staff-earnings-estimates/september-2018-provisional-statistics, consulted 29 January 2019.
Kaiser Family Foundation, Summary of the Affordable Care Act, 23 April 2013, http://files.kff.org/attachment/fact-sheet-summary-of-the-affordable-care-act, consulted 29 January 2019.
Kaiser Family Foundation, Summary of the Affordable Care Act, 23 April 2013, http://files.kff.org/attachment/fact-sheet-summary-of-the-affordable-care-act, consulted 29 January 2019.
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), NICE Charter 2018, https://www.nice.org.uk/Media/Default/About/Who-we-are/NICE_Charter.pdf, consulted 29 January 2019.
Amanda Andler, “What Works? what's Good Value for Money? the Role of NICE for the NHS”, The Endocrinologist 127 (2018).
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), NICE Charter 2018, https://www.nice.org.uk/Media/Default/About/Who-we-are/NICE_Charter.pdf, consulted 29 January 2019.
Finance & NHS Directorate, Procurement, Investment & Commercial Division (PICD), Combating Inflation – Guidance, March 2014, https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-resisting-cost-inflation-pressures, consulted 29 January 2019, p. 5.
Ibid., pp. 6-7.
World Health Organization, The World Health Report 2000, (Geneva, World Health Organization, 2000), p. 155.
Reference made to The Economist, Why Trump’s Plan Will Not Cut Drug Prices, 19 May 2018, https://www.economist.com/leaders/2018/05/19/why-trumps-plan-will-not-cut-drug-prices, consulted 29 January 2019.
Jeffrey Clemens, Joshua D. Gottlieb and Adam Hale Shapiro, Medicare Payment Cuts Continue to Restrain Inflation, 9 May 2016, https://www.frbsf.org/economic-research/publications/economic-letter/2016/may/medicare-payment-cuts-affect-core-inflation/, consulted 29 January 2019.
Chris Ham, Making Sense of Integrated Care Systems, Integrated Care Partnerships and Accountable Care Organisations in the NHS in England, 10 February 2018, https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/publications/making-sense-integrated-care-systems, consulted 29 January 2019.
Reference made to Department of Health, Department of Health - Spending Review 2010, 20 October 2010, https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/MediaCentre/Pressreleases/DH_120676, consulted 29 January 2019.
Wendy Levinson, “Choosing Wisely Around the World: Professionalism as a Force to Reduce Unnecessary Care”, BMJ Opinion 2017.
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