Des débuts de la Monarchie de Juillet à la fin du Second Empire : intellectuels et hommes politiques français en exil en Belgique
Abstracts
From the beginnings of the July Monarchy to the end of the Second Empire: French intellectuals and politicians in exile in Belgium Both the common language and the geographical proximity made Belgium the ideal land of exile for the French. Belgium was a haven for them, although life there was not without constraints —the Belgian government wanted to preserve its independence, but was anxious not to displease its neighbour. In this article, Francis Sartorius presents the forgotten figures of opponents of the 1830s and 1840s. Some of these people, such as Mathé and Labrousse endured exile again in 1851. The coup d'État that took place at that time changed the scale of banishment. From a handful of activists who found a refuge in Belgium every time their party failed, numbers rose to nearly six thousand refugees. The Belgian government then applied a strict policy: it refused those who were considered to be undesirable, it imposed eligibility conditions related to income, it placed restrictions on where the exiles could live of residence. The figure subsequently decreased, leaving only a handful of indomitable Belgian exiles left, waging a difficult and often muted struggle. However, numbers were boosted at the end of the Empire by the arrival of young, far left, internationalist activists and of the journalist Rochefort.
References
Electronic reference
Francis Sartorius, “Des débuts de la Monarchie de Juillet à la fin du Second Empire : intellectuels et hommes politiques français en exil en Belgique”, Revue d'histoire du XIXe siècle [Online], 11 | 1995, Online since 09 September 2008, connection on 28 March 2024. URL: http://journals.openedition.org/rh19/81; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/rh19.81
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