Within the wrist of Homo sapiens, looking at pattern of modularity with a geomorphometry approach on carpals bones
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1The wrist has only recently gained attention among scholars, largely due to advancements in 2D and 3D imaging analysis since the late 1980s. The development of precise virtual image and a wide range of analytical tools is providing new understanding on wrist function and its complex morphological variation across our Hominin family. For this study, carpal bones from burials dated between 14th and 17th century located at the San Dominican convent San Pablo in Burgos, Spain, were scanned for structural analysis. A total of 453 wrist bones belonging to 20 females and 20 males were included in the samples set. Additionally, selected bones were digitally mirrored and the influence of their presence on analyses results was tested. Here, the central role of virtual anthropology is highlighted by the development of a protocol including scanning and 3D mesh creation, with geomorphometry approach using landmarks and General Procrustes Analysis in R. A landmark template was proposed for each carpals and their repeatability was tested. This protocol aims to find the modular configuration that best describes the covariation patterns within Homo sapiens wrist. For this objective, eight hypothetical modular configuration are tested using the Covariance Ratio. Strong modular signals were observed with 3-modules configuration implying significant integration within the distal row yet weaker ones between the distal row and the proximal carpals. However, the model describing carpals as their own modular unit gave the highest modular signal. Our study indicates a great dissociation among carpals resonating with bibliographic observation of morphological variation independence in the wrist within our Hominin family. To our knowledge this is the first time an investigation on modularity has included complete wrist, lacking only the pisiform. Those covariation structures in H. sapiens could be compared with fossils wrist to explore locomotion and manipulation related to shape association among carpals.
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Charline Foray et Carlos Lorenzo Merino, « Within the wrist of Homo sapiens, looking at pattern of modularity with a geomorphometry approach on carpals bones », Bulletins et mémoires de la Société d’Anthropologie de Paris [En ligne], 37(S) | 2025, mis en ligne le 16 janvier 2025, consulté le 12 février 2025. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/bmsap/14877 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/133oe
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