Notes
Protection of Endangered Species of Animals and Plants (Amendment) Ordinance 2018, The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Gazette, https://www.gld.gov.hk/egazette/pdf/20182206/es1201822067.pdf (accessed on 10 July 2018).
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). The Convention, which came into force in 1975, was adopted by Hong Kong in 1976 and by mainland China in 1981. See https://www.cites.org/fra/disc/what.php (accessed on 15 February 2018).
Jun Pang, “In Pictures: 3 arrests as Hong Kong makes record ivory seizure totalling 7.2 tonnes,” Hong Kong Free Press, 6 July 2017, https://www.hongkongfp.com/2017/07/06/three-arrests-hong-kong-makes-record-ivory-seizure-totalling-7-2-tonnes/ (accessed on 19 July 2018).
Elson Tong, “Hong Kong trader caught with illegal ivory quits gov’t endangered species advisory post,” Hong Kong Free Press, 10 January 2018, https://www.hongkongfp.com/2018/01/10/hong-kong-trader-caught-illegal-ivory-quits-govt-endangered-species-advisory-post/ (accessed on 19 July 2018).
Associated Press, “‘A robbery made to look like a hit’? His work persuaded China to ban ivory trading – now he has been found stabbed to death at home in Kenya,” South China Morning Post, 5 February 2018, https://www.scmp.com/news/world/africa/article/2132110/his-work-persuaded-china-ban-ivory-trading-now-he-has-been-found (accessed on 18 July 2018).
Andre Vltchek, “Ivory ban is an example for the world,” China Daily, 12 January 2018, http://africa.chinadaily.com.cn/weekly/2018-01/12/content_35489543.htm (accessed on 24 July 2018).
Kylie Knott, “Is US-China deal enough pressure to push away Hong Kong’s illegal ivory trade?”, South China Morning Post, 26 September 2015, https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/health-environment/article/1861714/pressure-halt-hong-kong-ivory-trade-increases (accessed on 21 September 2018).
Ernest Kao, “Hong Kong plan to ban ivory trade by 2021 receives Executive Council go-ahead,” South China Morning Post, 21 December 2016, https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/health-environment/article/2056411/hong-kong-plan-ban-ivory-trade-2021-receives (accessed on 12 July 2018).
Koel Chu, “Motion to ban ivory trade to be discussed in LegCo,” Hong Kong Free Press, 1 December 2015, https://www.hongkongfp.com/2015/12/01/motion-to-ban-ivory-trade-to-be-discussed-in-legco/ (accessed on 19 July 2018).
Ernest Kao, “Hong Kong ivory traders mull legal challenge against plan to ban sales in five years,” South China Morning Post, 26 December 2016, https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/health-environment/article/2057272/hong-kong-ivory-traders-mull-legal-challenge (accessed on 12 July 2018).
Ernest Kao, “Why Hong Kong’s ban on ivory trade is such a big deal,” South China Morning Post, 2 February 2018, https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/health-environment/article/2131642/why-hong-kongs-ban-ivory-trade-such-big-deal (accessed on 18 July 2018).
Pamela Boykoff, Ivan Watson, “Undercover video exposes Hong Kong’s illegal ivory trade,” CNN, 21 October 2015, https://edition.cnn.com/2015/10/21/asia/hong-kong-illegal-ivory-trade/ (accessed on 25 July 2018).
Ernest Kao, “Why Hong Kong’s ban on ivory trade is such a big deal,” art cit.
Legislative Council, https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr16-17/english/panels/ea/agenda/ea20170606-ag-app.htm#attend (accessed on 27 July 2018).
Ernest Kao, “Why Hong Kong’s ban on ivory trade is such a big deal,” art. cit.; Ernest Kao and Danny Lee, “Controversial ivory trade to continue for five more years before full ban imposed,” South China Morning Post, 21 June 2016, https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/health-environment/article/1978211/controversial-ivory-trade-continue-five-more-years (accessed on 27 July 2018).
Yang Wanli and Edith Mutethya, “Halting ivory,” China Daily, 26 May 2018, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201805/26/WS5b0838f5a31001b82571c664.html (accessed on 24 July 2018).
Poon Pak Lam 潘柏林, “港府擬立法5年後禁賣象牙” (Gang fu ni lifa wu nian hou jin mai xiangya, The Hong Kong government intends to legislation the banning of ivory trading within 5 years), Apple Daily, 22 December 2016, https://hk.news.appledaily.com/local/daily/article/20161222/19873400 (accessed on 24 July 2018); Elson Tong, “Traditional art or brutal industry? LegCo panel debates plan to phase out ivory trade by 2021,” Hong Kong Free Press, 28 March 2017, https://www.hongkongfp.com/2017/03/28/traditional-art-brutal-industrylegco-panel-debates-plan-phase-ivory-trade-2021/ (accessed on 19 July 2018).
According to David M. Baker, a member of the Conservation Forensics Lab at the University of Hong Kong. Personal communication, 2017.
Emily Tsang, “Hong Kong approves elephant ivory ban in landslide vote,” South China Morning Post, 31 January 2018, https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/health-environment/article/2131433/hong-kong-approves-elephant-ivory-ban-landslide (accessed on 18 July 2018); “It’s the beginning of the end for ivory in China,” China Daily, 2 January 2018, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201801/02/WS5a4ad56ba31008cf16da48da.html (accessed on 19 July 2018).
Kris Cheng, “Gov’t says shortening ivory ban’s 5-year grace period may be challenging,” Hong Kong Free Press, 28 June 2016, https://www.hongkongfp.com/2016/06/28/govt-says-shortening-ivory-bans-5-year-grace-period-may-be-challenging/ (accessed on 19 July 2018).
Christy Leung “‘Need for action beyond dispute’: Britain’s shameful ivory trade set to end with total ban proposed,” South China Morning Post, 7 October 2017, https://www.scmp.com/news/world/europe/article/2114365/need-action-beyond-dispute-britains-shameful-ivory-trade-set-end (accessed on 18 July 2017).
Ernest Kao, “Five years to ban Hong Kong ivory trade is too long, lawmakers argue,” South China Morning post, 28 June 2016, https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/health-environment/article/1982292/five-years-ban-hong-kong-ivory-trade-too-long (accessed on 12 July 2018).
Ernest Kao, “Why Hong Kong’s ban on ivory trade is such a big deal,” art cit.
Ibid.
Poon Pak Lam 潘柏林, “施政報告—前瞻:修例禁象牙買賣?港商改售長毛象牙避監管” (Shizheng baogao—qianzhan: Xiu li jin xiangya maimai? Gang shang gai shou changmao xiangya bi jianguan, Legal prospects. A revision of the law banning the ivory trade? The traders are adamant that they sell mammoth tusks to avoid surveillance), China Daily, 10 January 2016, https://hk.news.appledaily.com/local/realtime/article/20160110/54629083 (accessed on 24 July 2018).
Kris Cheng, “No compensation for Hong Kong’s ivory traders ahead of total ban, says environment deputy,” Hong Kong Free Press, 6 September 2017, https://www.hongkongfp.com/2017/09/06/no-compensation-hong-kongs-ivory-traders-ahead-total-ban-says-environment-deputy/ (accessed on 19 July 2018).
Peter Knights, “Hong Kong’s ivory trade: When the buying stops, the killing can stop too,” Hong Kong Free Press, 27 March 2017, https://www.hongkongfp.com/2017/03/27/hong-kongs-ivory-trade-buying-stops-killing-can-stop/ (accessed on 19 July 2018); Gavin Edwards, “A message from African rangers to Hong Kong: End the ivory trade, because our bodies are on the line,” Hong Kong Free Press, 5 June 2017, https://www.hongkongfp.com/2017/06/05/message-african-rangers-hong-kong-end-ivory-trade-bodies-line/ (accessed on 19 July 2018).
Karen Cheung, “Environmentalists protest outside Legislative Council urging lawmakers to support ivory ban,” Hong Kong Free Press, 6 September 2017, https://www.hongkongfp.com/2017/09/06/environmentalists-protest-outside-legislative-council-urging-lawmakers-support-ivory-ban/ (accessed on 19 July 2017).
Ho Lok-Sang, “Conservationist sale better choice,” China Daily, 20 June 2017, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/hkedition/2017-06/20/content_29808927.htm (accessed on 19 July 2018).
In 2014, according to the Secretary for the Environment, 447 people obtained a licence authorising the possession of ivory (Hong Kong Government, Press Release 2014; Wong 2018). One article puts forward the number of 470 (370 wholesalers granted licence and 100 artisans/craftsmen). Ernest Kao, “Why Hong Kong’s ban on ivory trade is such a big deal,” art cit.
Vivienne Zeng, “‘I need to eat rice’: Ivory trader denies wrongdoing as LegCo debates combating wildlife smuggling,” Hong Kong Free Press, 2 December 2015, https://www.hongkongfp.com/2015/12/02/i-need-to-eat-rice-ivory-trader-denies-wrongdoing-as-legco-debates-combating-wildlife-smuggling/ (accessed on 19 July 2018).
Zheng Caixiong, “Ivory carvers worry skills may be lost,” China Daily, 16 January 2018, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/regional/2018-01/16/content_35512231.htm (accessed on 24 July 2018); Yang Wanli and Edith Mutethya, “Halting ivory,” art cit.
Elson Tong, “Traditional art or brutal industry? LegCo panel debates plan to phase out ivory trade by 2021,” art cit. See also, “非洲管理員守護大象遭射殺 象牙商會斥政府禁售毀中華文化” (Feizhou guanliyuan shouhu daxiang zao shesha xiangya shanghui chi zhengfu jin shou hui zhonghua wenhua, African officials prevent the slaughter of elephants. The Chamber of Commerce denounces the government ban which would destroy Chinese culture), Apple Daily, 6 June 2017, https://hk.news.appledaily.com/local/realtime/article/20170606/56791341 (accessed on 24 July 2018).
“The Hong Kong cultural heritage list,” South China Morning Post, 17 June 2014, https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1534799/over-500-hong-kong-traditions-must-be-safeguarded-under-un-convention (accessed on 26 July 2018); Denise Tsang, Johnny Tam, and Olga Wong, “The 480 things that represent Hong Kong’s culture: list unveiled after seven years’ work,” South China Morning Post, 17 June 2014, https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1534746/cantonese-opera-dim-sum-and-diwali-hong-kong-lists-its-cultural (accessed on 26 July 2018).
Leisure and Cultural Services Department, https://www.lcsd.gov.hk/CE/Museum/ICHO/en_US/web/icho/the_representative_list_of_hkich.html (accessed on 26 July 2018).
Kylie Knott, “Where battle to curb shark fin consumption is being won and lost, and why trade has to stop – new research,” South China Morning Post, 17 September 2018, https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/food-drink/article/2164272/where-battle-curb-shark-fin-consumption-being-won-and-lost-and (accessed on 21 September 2018).
Karen Zhang, “Consider alternatives to pangolin scales, traditional Chinese medicine professors urge at conservation conference in Hong Kong,” South China Morning Post, 6 September 2018, https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/health-environment/article/2162999/consider-alternatives-pangolin-scales-traditional (accessed on 21 September 2018).
Danny Mok, “HK$2.7 million worth of ivory seized by Hong Kong customs in joint operation with mainland Chinese authorities,” South China Morning Post, 4 July 2018, https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/hong-kong-law-and-crime/article/2153656/hk27-million-worth-ivory-seized-hong-kong (accessed on 30 July 2018).
Agence France-Presse, “No elephant is safe: China’s online market for animal’s skin has decimated Myanmar population,” South China Morning Post, 24 April 2018, https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/2143125/no-elephant-safe-chinas-online-market-animals-skin-has (accessed on 30 July 2018).
Sidney Leng, “Donkey forum in China to address thinning herd as demand for skins soars,” South China Morning Post, 15 August 2017, https://www.scmp.com/news/china/policies-politics/article/2106913/china-plots-hi-tech-path-leader-world-donkey-industry (accessed on 30 July 2018).
A China in Africa Podcast, “Donkey Skin Is the New Ivory,” China File, 21 March 2017, http://www.chinafile.com/china-africa-project/donkey-skin-new-ivory (accessed on 30 July 2018).
The NGO TRAFFIC regularly publishes numerous reports of studies on species trafficking. See https://www.traffic.org/publications/ (accessed on 26 October 2018).
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