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  <channel rdf:about="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh">
    <title>Clio</title>
    <link>http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh</link>
    <description>Gender history journal – Revue dédiée à l’histoire des femmes et du genre</description>        
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        <rdf:li resource="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/1087" />
        <rdf:li resource="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/1133" />
        <rdf:li resource="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/1116" />
        <rdf:li resource="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/1021" />
        <rdf:li resource="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/1018" />
        <rdf:li resource="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/873" />
        <rdf:li resource="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/995" />
        <rdf:li resource="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/861" />
        <rdf:li resource="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/984" />
        <rdf:li resource="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/982" />
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  <item rdf:about="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/1087">
    <title>On “old-young love”: age, class and male homosexuality in post-Maoist China</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="resume">The same-sex version of « old-young love » (<em>laoshaolian</em>) in post-Maoist China, characterized by an age difference between male same-sex partners, which infringes both age conventions and gendered prescriptions pertaining to eroticism, differs greatly from the forms of gay culture prevalent in the city centres frequented by the new Chinese middle and upper classes. Such liaisons, formed as a result of the sexual and affective ties established in the wider context between old « locals » and young migrant workers, and having their origins in the ordinary forms and spaces of a predominantly masculine, popular and intergenerational sociability, appear above all to be rooted in the context of post-Mao reform and the opening up of China, in which reconfigurings of discursive space, economic organization and social structure play a major part.</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Lucas Monteil</dc:creator>
    <link>http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/1087</link>
    <dc:date>2022-10-11</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/1133">
    <title>Girl with a heron: gender and the erotic in Greek iconography (sixth-fourth centuries BCE)</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="resume">On several classical Greek seals, herons are represented alongside women. The aim of this text is to provide elements of explanation in order to clarify the meaning of this motif. To do so, we need to take into account the devices on Greek seals showing herons with or without women, but also the Greek vase-painting of the sixth-fourth centuries BC. Some specialists have interpreted this creature as a sign making it possible to recognize women’s apartments and have thus considered the bird simply as a gender marker, signifying the difference between spaces allotted to women or to men. However, images on vases and seals suggest that the heron can also figure as an image related to erotic exchange and heterosexual practice. The heron therefore denotes above all relations <em>between </em>men and women. </p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Nicolas Siron</dc:creator>
    <link>http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/1133</link>
    <dc:date>2022-10-11</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/1116">
    <title>Old women and sex: fear, fantasy, and a defining life course in Early Modern Europe</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="resume">Using Hans Baldung’s <em>The Ages of Life with Death</em>, this piece explores the tightly interwoven contemporary connection between old women and witches. Concomitantly, it investigates the female life cycle and its fundamental connection to female reproduction and women’s relationship to men, defining women as Maids, Mothers, or Widows. Finally, it demonstrates the early modern fear of sex in old age.</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Lynn Botelho</dc:creator>
    <link>http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/1116</link>
    <dc:date>2022-10-11</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/1021">
    <title>The age of love: gender and erotic reciprocity in archaic Greece</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="resume">Archaic Greece (eighth to sixth centuries BCE) is a society which we might term “before sexuality”: in the sexual and romantic relations that characterize it, the criterion of age plays a different role from that in modern Western societies. This applies not only within the framework of marriage, but also in the context of homoerotic relations – known as pederastic – as celebrated in the poetry of the aristocratic banquet (Theognis, Anacreon) and other communitarian contexts (Alcman, Sappho). Greek marriage was asymmetrical in terms of age, and it is necessary to challenge the preconceived idea that female homoerotic relations between women were any more egalitarian than those between men. Consequently, if we are to understand the connection between age and sexuality in Archaic Greece, the approach to Greek matters of love (<em>éros</em>) must distinguish between asymmetry of age and romantic reciprocity (<em>philótēs</em>).</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Sandra Boehringer</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Stefano Caciagli</dc:creator>
    <link>http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/1021</link>
    <dc:date>2022-10-11</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/1018">
    <title>The history of sexual norms: the hold of age and gender</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="texte">What is possible, allowed, or forbidden in the way of sexual behaviour, depending on one’s age and sex, and that of one’s partner? At what age is one still too young, or already too old, to be considered as a sexual subject? And to what extent are these questions political issues? The articles in this collection explore different historical forms of the articulation between the way age is experienced, the structuring of gender relations, and the regulation of sexuality. </p>
      <p class="texte">While <em>Clio</em> has already published two issues on the theme of sexuality (<em>Utopies sexuelles</em>, n°22, 2005, and <em>Érotiques</em>, n°31, 2010), the current number, which poses questions about the history of gendered norms and sexuality through the lens of age, will allow us to shed light on some blind spots.</p>
      <h1 class="texte">The invention of age</h1>
      <p class="texte">Age as we know it is the inherited consequence of a major political innovation: registration of a person’s date of birth. In France, this was established between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, in t...</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Michel Bozon</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Juliette Rennes</dc:creator>
    <link>http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/1018</link>
    <dc:date>2022-10-11</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/873">
    <title>Interpreting the world or changing it? The “woman question” and the “sexual question” in Soviet social sciences</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="resume">In post-1917 Russia, state policies addressing “the woman question” and “the sexual question” were intended to be informed by the social sciences. These matters were declared resolved during the Stalin era, but partially reopened during the Thaw. This article explores how, in the long term, the supposedly “socialist” social sciences differed from “bourgeois” sciences not so much in their epistemology, as in the way they prioritized or excluded certain problematics as the political regime evolved. In the 1920s, Russian research on sexuality and birth control was groundbreaking, but it became relatively illegitimate after the Thaw. Between 1960 and 1980, the chief social issues were rather fertility decline and women’s “double burden” of work and home. Central planning seemed ill-adapted to family behaviour, and social science found itself facing the prospect of a governing approach closer to economic liberalism. This period witnessed the emergence of a division still relevant today, ...</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Mona Claro</dc:creator>
    <link>http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/873</link>
    <dc:date>2022-10-11</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/995">
    <title>Making a fortune in the Sahara (Mauritania, 1940-1970)</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="resume">Women from major trading tribes, girls from good families or from marginalized groups, rebellous wealthy heiresses or prosperous spouses, – even lovers who left their home – the four businesswomen profiled in this article were, undoubtedly pioneers of the female Mauritanian business class. From the end of the colonial period to the first steps of Mauritanian independence, analysis of the career paths and personal itineraries of these “Ladies” – characterized by seizing opportunities and by thumbing their noses at the established social order – helps us to understand their capacity to establish themselves as wealthy elite women playing a role which could not be overlooked in a transnational commercial sphere controlled by men. They clearly reflect, in the view of the researcher, an entry into the global network long pre-dating postmodern theories of the disorganization of capitalism. In Mauritania, they serve as the main protagonists in stories of female success stories.</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Céline Lesourd</dc:creator>
    <link>http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/995</link>
    <dc:date>2022-10-11</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/861">
    <title>Housework and constructing socialism in the USSR according to time-use surveys</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="resume"><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">After the October Revolution, the transformation of gender relations was placed at the heart of the Bolshevik project to build socialism in Russia. </span>New ways of organizing domestic life, the workforce and society as a whole would transform relations between men and women. In order for women to play the same part as men in the productive sphere and in social activities, it would be necessary to relieve them from housework, by transferring domestic tasks to collective services. What was the situation in reality? Data produced by the family time-budget surveys carried out in the Soviet Union in the early 1920s and then in the late 1960s-early 1970s provides information allowing us to compare the reality of gender relations with official discourse in Soviet Russia.</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Martine Mespoulet</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Ethan Rundell</dc:creator>
    <link>http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/861</link>
    <dc:date>2022-10-11</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/984">
    <title>Roman tears and their impact: a question of gender?</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="resume">In Republican and Imperial Rome, weeping often accompanied private or public events. To embellish their speeches and establish their authority, senators, emperors and outstanding soldiers did not hesitate to shed tears when the situation was serious. The effect of such sobbing in public depended on their social positions and their fame: an aristocrat’s laments had more influence than a simple soldier’s. For women, on the contrary, tears were often prohibited (except in mourning), even though their “nature” and their <em>imbecillus animus</em> (Livy, 3, 48, 8) were assumed to predispose them to cry. Emotional blackmail was generally considered a female phenomenon by the Romans. Despite its insistence on composure, the philosophy of the time, particularly that of the Stoics, was unable to prevent this major recourse to tears, which was gradually diverted and given renewed value by Christian authors in their praise of repentance.</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Sarah Rey</dc:creator>
    <link>http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/984</link>
    <dc:date>2022-10-11</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/982">
    <title>A Tribute to Assia Djebar (1936-2015)</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="texte">Assia Djebar – that was a good name, resonant with consolation and with pride. She chose it for her first novel, <em>La Soif</em> (<em>The Mischief</em>), published in 1957. While she was still, as far as the French administration was concerned, Fatima Zohra Imalhayène, a student at the elite teacher training college for women (the École normale supérieure de jeunes filles), she followed the directives of the Union générale des étudiants algériens (the Union of Algerian Students) and refused to take her examinations. She did not, however, abandon academic obligations, and much later submitted a thesis, retracing in a broad context her own literary career alongside those of other women writers of the Maghreb. In the course of her wanderings across seas and oceans, she taught in Rabat from 1959 to 1962, in Algiers after 1962 (though she left her post there when classical Arabic was imposed as the language of higher education) and then in the United States – in Louisiana in 1997 and finally in New York ...</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Christiane Klapisch-Zuber</dc:creator>
    <link>http://journals.openedition.org/cliowgh/982</link>
    <dc:date>2022-10-11</dc:date>
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