Introduction
Nubians are an ethnic minority living along the banks of the Nile River between South of Egypt and North of Sudan. They are known to be descendants of the ancient Kingdom of Kush. The Fâdîkkâ and the Kunûz are the main two ethnic groups in Nubia. The Nile River, being a major trade route throughout history, has allowed more groups to settle in Nubia, such as the Arabs of ‘Ulayqât. During the 20th century, Nubians have experienced displacement repeatedly, for regulating the Nile flood, maximising usage of water and land farming and generating hydro-electric power. In 1902, the British-Ottoman authorities constructed the Aswan Dam, heightened in 1912 and again in 1933. In each of these dates, the Nubians had to move, leaving their agricultural lands to drown under the Nile to move uphill. In 1964, under Nasser’s government, an estimated number of 113 000 Nubians had to be relocated to a new area, near Kom Ombo, for the construction of Aswan High Dam, resulting the drowning...