CALL FOR PAPERS

Population Ageing and Territories in Polycritical Times

Special issue of the journal Space Populations Societies

Guest editors: Mickaël Blanchet, Sophie Buhnik, Jean-François Ghékière

An accelerating and intensifying global phenomenon

Population ageing is one of the major and lasting transformations of contemporary societies. Its acceleration has been observed and discussed at least since the recognition that most early-industrialised countries had entered a ‘second demographic transition’ (Van de Kaa, 1987). It mainly results from the combined effects of longer lives, declining fertility and age-selective migration. According to United Nations projections, the share of people aged 65 and over will continue to rise in almost every region of the world; by the late 2070s, their number is expected to reach 2.2 billion and exceed that of people under 18 (United Nations, 2024). This trend is now accelerating in the Americas, South Asia and the Middle East as well as the African continent, often where pension, healthcare and care systems have rarely become as comprehensive as those of post-war era Welfare States (Attané, 2016). Moreover, the gradual dismantling and privatisation of social welfare provision systems in many countries of both the Global North and South are weakening past institutions created to guarantee a safety net in old age. For all these reasons, research on the increasingly complex geographies of population ageing has expanded considerably over the past decade, revealing diverse territorial configurations and the resulting challenges for public policy adaptation (Davies, 2016; Skinner et al., 2015; Warring et al., 2024).

It is widely accepted that the dynamics of ageing and the spatial distribution thereof must be approached through distinct yet intertwined factors: notably, growth in the number of people aged 60, 70, 80 or over (i.e. increase in the older population); and a rise in the proportion of older people, intensified by dwindling numbers of births or the departure of younger adults from a given territory (Dumont, 2006). Unequal increases in healthy life expectancy have long nurtured debates in the field of ageing studies - especially critical gerontology – as well as the social construction of age and ageism issues, which all challenged threshold-based definitions of old age (Caradec et al., 2017). Conventional methods for mapping territorial ageing have subsequently been questioned (Blanchet et al., 2025). The need to represent older adults’ relationships with their living environments and their pursuit of quality of life in more dynamic and relational terms has encouraged the use of ad hoc data to better visualise their spatio-temporal diversity (Blanchet, Buhnik, et al., 2025; Ghékière, 2006). Subnational and comparative analyses are therefore essential for understanding how residential mobility, family structures, labour markets, international migration and public policies produce unequal geographies of ageing (Hochstenbach, 2019; Kendig & Nazroo, 2016; Martineau & Plard, 2018; Pinel & Le Bigot, 2023).

These changes also increasingly coincide with depopulation on a regional or even national scale. In OECD countries, around one urban area in five is already losing population, while some regions could lose at least 20% of their inhabitants by 2050 (OECD, 2025). Whereas the expected – or rather, already ongoing - decline in the total populations of Japan, South Korea, Italy and post-socialist European countries has been extensively documented (Aveline-Dubach, 2015; Matanle et al., 2011; Turok & Mykhnenko, 2007; Wolff & Wiechmann, 2018), successive years of sub-replacement fertility rates have brought forward the prospect of a rapidly ageing population in countries considered ‘growing’ until very recently, foremost among them France. There, the latest census results are reinforcing worries about the ability of both scholars and policymakers to grasp the acceleration of ageing. They also raise questions about the capacity of local authorities, constrained by waves of fiscal austerity, to fund age-friendly planning and thus cater to the ‘active ageing’ narrative (Moulaert & Durandal, 2013; Moulaert & Paris, 2013), especially in regions exposed to long-term decline and abandonment (Bretagnolle et al., 2019; Nefs et al., 2013; Paumelle et al., 2026).

From demographic transitions to polycrises

This special issue of Espace Populations Sociétés examines how geography characterises population ageing ‘in times of polycrisis’. The term does not refer to a mere juxtaposition of crises. It calls for analysis of their causal entanglement: climate, health, energy, economic, geopolitical, housing and political tensions interact, reinforce one another and displace their effects from one system and territory to another (Lawrence et al., 2024; Madden, 2023; Weaver, 2017). From this perspective, ageing is not in itself a crisis but a long-term structural transformation whose effects may nevertheless be amplified, revealed or reconfigured by shocks and by the gradual erosion of individual and collective adaptive capacities (McFarlane, 2026).

The Covid-19 pandemic exposed differential mortality, isolation, the digital divide and the fragility of some residential care facilities, while also highlighting neighbourhood solidarity. Climate change increases exposure to heatwaves, pollution, floods, fires and network failures (Simzac & Llobet, 2024). Very old people and those with reduced mobility may face greater difficulties protecting themselves or evacuating during major natural or geopolitical disasters (typhoons, floods, earthquakes, wars, supply-chain disruptions, etc.). Their vulnerability, however, depends as much on physical and cognitive ageing as on health, income, gender, tenure status, housing quality, social networks and service accessibility. These circumstances require socio-spatial justice to be articulated with age-related justice without reducing older people to a uniformly vulnerable group (Bernardini, 2024; Biglieri & Hartt, 2024; Valentine, 2026).

These crises also call into question the materiality of ageing territories in a context where public-spending cuts have spread and weakened the financial capacity of many local authorities, even as they are expected to implement adaptation policies (André & Ille-Roussel, 2021; Argoud, 2017). Obsolescent buildings and infrastructure, housing vacancy, declining asset values, the costs of energy renovation or insurance, and the maintenance of oversized networks may accompany demographic shrinkage. Population ageing then combines with the ageing of the built fabric and the ageing of the professionals responsible for maintenance, management, care and services: the combined ageing of people, places and actors links everyday experiences of later life to the political economy of territorial maintenance (Graham & Thrift, 2007; Hirai, 2022; Mingyu et al., 2024; Uto, 2024; Zhang, 2020).

Finally, population ageing takes place in societies marked by distributive conflicts and crises of representation. Debates on pensions, immigration, the funding of care, debt, housing and ecological transition are frequently framed as conflicts between generations (Hirayama & Izuhara, 2018; Uto et al., 2023). Yet older people are among the most diverse age groups in terms of wealth, income, health, gender, origin, career path and location. Local action and its actors should therefore be examined through notions such as ‘grey power’ and gerontocracy, voting behaviour, voluntary engagement and mobilisation, as well as the political effects of feelings of abandonment in territories combining decline and ageing—without mechanically inferring political orientation from residents’ age (Blasquiet-Revol et al., 2024).

Revisiting territorial and relational approaches to ageing

A purely population-based approach is a useful first step, but it cannot capture the diversity of ageing trajectories or the social and political construction of age categories. Territories are not passive containers in which rates are distributed: they organise access to housing, care, shops, transport, public spaces, climatic amenities and social relations. Conversely, older people’s mobility, practices, paid and unpaid work, assets and engagement contribute to producing and transforming these territories (Blanchet, 2017; Brachet, 2024; Le Roux et al., 2025).

Analysis may therefore focus on ‘territorialised systems of gerontological actors’ and on power relations among local authorities, states, social-protection bodies, professionals, businesses, associations, families and residents (Blanchet et al., 2017) in contexts of high uncertainty. Research repeatedly shows that ageing policies remain territorially fragmented across health, autonomy, housing, mobility, urban planning and climate adaptation (Blanchet, 2014). Subject to budgetary constraints and market logics, they may reproduce inherited inequalities while also generating local innovation. Critical approaches to age-friendly cities and communities invite a shift from public action designed ‘for’ older people to territories produced ‘with’ them and attentive to spatial justice (Buffel, Doran, & Yarker, 2024; Garon et al., 2014; Viriot-Durandal et al., 2012).

Scope of the special issue

The aim of this special issue of Espace Populations Sociétés is therefore to analyse jointly what territories do to ageing and what ageing does to territories, in a context of interdependent crises. Contributions from geography, demography, sociology, political science, economics, planning, public health, gerontology and related disciplines are welcome. Interdisciplinary approaches, international comparisons and research connecting multiple scales are particularly encouraged.

Article proposals may address one of the following four themes:

Age in question. Constructing and analysing geographies of ageing: categories, scales and methods

This theme examines the epistemological frameworks and methods through which geography now apprehends the worldwide intensification of population and territorial ageing. How can distinct but often interwoven processes—ageing, growth of the older population and depopulation—be defined, measured and mapped without conflating them or reducing diverse experiences of later life to conventional age thresholds? How do indicators, territorial divisions, scales of observation and spatial categories—urban and rural, centres and peripheries, coastal, mountain, overseas or cross-border areas—shape interpretation? The growing empirical conjunction of ageing and depopulation also calls for conceptual, theoretical, methodological and empirical innovation. Contributions may discuss age, cohort and period effects; the ways in which the migration of young people, workers, retirees and care workers transforms local population structures; and longitudinal, comparative and multiscalar approaches. Cartography and GIS are welcome alongside qualitative, ethnographic and participatory methods capable of capturing practices, representations and territorial experiences of ageing. Contributions may also examine data availability, comparability and blind spots, especially in regions of the Global South where rapid ageing, urban growth and informality may coincide. The aim is to interrogate not only the geography of ageing, but also the categories and knowledge arrangements through which it is produced (Ghékière & Houillon, 2013).

2. Ageing in and with territories in crisis: materialities, infrastructure, conflicts and adaptation

This theme invites research on interactions among demographic, ecological and (geo)political transitions. How does exposure to extreme heat, flooding, fires, pollution, energy shortages and geopolitical crises vary with age, life course and territory? How can housing, institutions, public spaces, mobility and warning systems be adapted without increasing inequality or imposing a single model of ‘ageing well’? Articles may address risk representation and memory, sufficiency, energy renovation, air conditioning, mobility, insurability, preventive relocation and conflicts of use. We also welcome joint studies of the ageing of residents, buildings, infrastructure and maintenance actors, and of tensions between environmental adaptation, ageing in place and service concentration.

3. Crises of care, services and territorial public action

This theme concerns the territorialisation of old-age policies amid labour shortages, austerity, pension reform, health crises or declining services. How can access to healthcare, home help, transport, shops and public services be maintained in sparsely populated or declining areas? How do digitalisation and technological innovation affect autonomy and inequality? How can geographical analysis better reveal transnational care chains, family and neighbourhood solidarity, volunteering and older people’s own work? Contributions may study actor configurations, shifts of scale and local experiments, as well as the withdrawals and spatial trade-offs produced by scarce resources (Hillcoat-Nallétamby et al., 2021).

4. Planning choices and unequal capacities to act under tension

This theme investigates how the real and perceived ageing of territories—the way residents understand the ageing of their own living area—may reproduce or intensify controversies surrounding planning choices intended to ‘adapt’ territories, or conversely mitigate them (cf. Simard & Paris, 2023). How does age intersect with class, gender, origin, disability, migration status or sexual orientation to differentiate access to housing, care, transport, shops, public spaces and environmental amenities? How should housing, mobility and collective facilities be adapted in ‘tight’ or, conversely, overly ‘slack’ housing markets? Contributions may analyse trade-offs between proximity services and concentrated provision, ageing in place and residential relocation, renovation and demolition, densification and accessibility, or climate adaptation and land-use restraint (Morel-Brochet & Rougé, 2017). They may also examine older people’s place in planning, consultation and local mobilisation, particularly in response to service closures or changes to their living environment. Older people should be approached not only as beneficiaries, constraints or victims of planning policy, but as full participants in designing, maintaining and transforming territories ecologically and socially (Lord & Després, 2012; Negron-Poblete & Séguin, 2012).

Guidelines for submissions

To fit the scope of Espace Populations Sociétés, articles must place a spatial and/or social dimension of ageing at the heart of their analysis. Proposals may be empirical, theoretical or methodological. Quantitative, qualitative, cartographic, ethnographic, participatory and mixed-method research is welcome.

Reference to (poly)crises must be problematised. Articles may study a particular shock, but should explain its interactions with longer-term demographic, territorial or institutional transformations. All scales are eligible, from bodies and homes to neighbourhoods, living areas, regions, states and transnational spaces. Connections across scales are encouraged.

International and North–South comparisons and comparisons across types of territory are welcome, as is research on areas still underrepresented in the literature. Ageing should not be treated as a homogeneous category or as a crisis in itself. Contributions should, wherever possible, distinguish age, cohort, period and territorial-context effects and make capacities to act visible alongside vulnerabilities.

Historical perspectives are welcome, comparing present crises with earlier periods of transition, disaster, war, epidemic, depopulation or territorial restructuring.

Timeline and submission guidlines

• Deadline for article proposals (title, abstract and keywords of approximately 1-2 pages):

  5 November 2026

Selection of abstracts by the Editorial Board: 15 November 2026

Deadline for submission of full articles to the Editorial Board:

5 February 2027

Author guidelines: https://journals.openedition.org/eps/3345

Proposals can be submitted either in French or in English

Contacts

Titles, abstracts and articles should be sent jointly to:

• eps-revue@univ-lille.fr

• Mickaël Blanchet, Gérontopôle Pays de la Loire, mickael.blanchet@gerontopole-paysdelaloire.fr

• Sophie Buhnik, ESPI s.buhnik@groupe-espi.fr

• Jean-François Ghékière, Université de Lille, TVES (ULR 4477), jean-francois.ghekiere@univ-lille.fr

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