Bibliographie
Amir (Yehoshua), Die hellenistische Gestalt des Judentums bei Philon von Alexandria, Neukirchener Verlag, Neukirchen-Vluyn, 1983.
Ashcroft (Bill), Griffiths (Gareth) and Tiffin (Helen), The Empire Writes Back. Theory and Practice in Post-Colonial Literatures, Routledge, London, 2002.
—, Post-Colonial Studies. The Key Concepts. Second Edition, Routledge, London and New York, 2007.
Barclay (John M.G.), Jews in the Mediterranean Diaspora: from Alexander to Trajan (323 BCE - 117 CE), T&T Clark, Edinburgh, 1996.
Barraclough (Ray), « Philo’s Politics: Roman Rule and Hellenistic Judaism », in Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt II 21,1 : Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung. 2. Principat. Religion: (Hellenistisches Judentum in römischer Zeit: Philon und Josephus), edited by H. Temporini and W. Haase, de Gruyter, Berlin, 1984, p. 417-553.
Bhabha (Homi K.), The Location of Culture, Routledge, London, 1994 [reprint 2004].
Bilde (Per), « Filon som polemiker og politisk apologet. En undersøgelse af de to historiske skrifter Mod Flaccus (In Flaccum) og Om delegationen til Gaius (De legatione ad Gaium) », in A. Klostergaard Petersen and K. Sigvald Fuglseth (eds.), Perspektiver på jødisk apologetik, Antikken og Kristendommen 4, Forlaget ANIS, København 2007, p. 155-180.
Birnbaum (Ellen), The Place of Judaism in Philo’s Thought. Israel, Jews, and Proselytes, Brown Judaic Series 290. Studia Philonica Monographs 2, Scholars Press, Atlanta [Georgia], 1996.
Borgen (Peder), « Application of and Commitment to the Laws of Moses. Observations on Philo’s Treatise On the Embassy to Gaius », in D. T. Runia and G. E. Sterling (eds.), In the Spirit of Faith: Studies in Philo and Early Christianity in Honor of David Hay, Studia Philonica Annual. Studies in Hellenistic Judaism Volume XIII, Scholars Press, Atlanta [Georgia], 2001, p. 86-101.
—, « Filo, Diasporajøde Fra Aleksandria », in H. Kvalbein (ed.), Blant skriftlærde og fariseere: Jødedommen i oldtiden, Verbum, Oslo, 1984, p. 143-156.
—, « Judaism: Judaism in Egypt », in The Anchor Bible Dictionary. Volume 3: H-J, editor in chief D. N. Freedman, Doubleday, New York, 1992, p. 1061-1072.
—, « Philo of Alexandria. A Critical and Synthetical Survey of Research Since World War II », in Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt II 21,1 : Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung. 2. Principat. Religion: (Hellenistisches Judentum in römischer Zeit: Philon und Josephus), edited by W. Haase, de Gruyter, Berlin, 1984, p. 98-154.
—, « ’There Shall Come Forth a Man’ Reflections on Messianic Ideas in Philo », in J. H. Charlesworth (ed.), The Messiah, Augsburg & Fortress, Minneapolis, 1992, p. 341-361.
Bradley (Guy) and Wilson (John-Paul), eds., Greek and Roman Colonization. Origins, Ideologies and Interactions, Classical Press of Wales, Swansea, 2006.
Carlier (Caroline), La μητρόπολις chez Philon d’Alexandrie: le concept de colonisation appliqué à la Diaspora juive, Mémoire pour l’Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, Ecole Biblique et Archéologique Francaise de Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 1991.
Carter (Warren), The Roman Empire and the New Testament. An Essential Guide, Abingdon Press, Nashville, 2006.
Feldman (Louis H), « Josephus (PERSON) », in The Anchor Bible Dictionary. Volume 3: H-J, editor in chief D. N. Freedman, Doubleday, New York, 1992, p. 981-998.
Gambetti (Sandra), The Alexandrian Riots of 38 C.E. and the Persecution of the Jews: A Historical Reconstruction, Supplements to the Journal for the Study of Judaism 135, E. J. Brill, Leiden, 2009.
Goodenough (Erwin R), The Jurisprudence of the Jewish Courts in Egypt, Philo Press, Amsterdam, 1969 [reprint New Haven, 1929].
—, « Philo and Public Life », Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 12 (1926), p. 77-79.
—, The Politics of Philo Judaeus, Yale University Press, New Haven, 1938.
—, An Introduction to Philo Judaeus. Brown Classics in Judaica, University Press of America, Lanham 1986 (orig. publ. 1940; second edition 1962).
Graham (A. J.), Colony and Mother City in Ancient Greece, Ares Publishers, Chicago, 1983.
Harker (Andrew), Loyalty and Dissidence in Roman Egypt. The Case of the Acta Alexandrinorum, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2008.
Hay (David M.), « Politics and Exegesis in Philo’s Treatise on Dreams », in K. H. Richards (ed.), Society of Biblical Literature 1987 Seminar Papers, Scholars Press Atlanta [Georgia], 1987, p. 429-438.
Hopkins (Keith), « Brother- Sister Marriage in Roman Egypt », Comparative Studies in Society and History 22, 1980, p. 303-354.
Horst (Pieter W. van der), « The First Pogrom: Alexandria 38 CE », European Review 10, 2002, p. 469-484.
—, Philo’s Flaccus: The First Pogrom: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary. Philo of Alexandria Commentary Series, V. 2, E. J. Brill, Leiden, 2003.
Kasher (Aryeh), The Jews in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt, Texte und Studien Zum Antiken Judentum 7, J. C. B. Mohr, Tübingen, 1985.
Kiefer (Jörn), Exil und Diaspora. Begrifflichkeit und Deutungen im antiken Judentum und in der hebräischen Bibel, Arbeiten zur Bibel und ihrer Geschichte 19, Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig, 2005.
Levick (Barbara), Roman Colonies in Southern Asia Minor, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1967.
Malkin (Irad), « Postcolonial concepts and ancient Greek colonization », Modern Language Quarterly 65, 2004, p. 341-364.
McLeod (John), Beginning Postcolonialism, Manchester University Press, Manchester, 2000.
Modrzejewski (Joseph Mélèze), « How to be a Greek and yet a Jew in Hellenistic Alexandria? », in S. J. D. Cohen and E. S. Frerichs (eds.), Diasporas in Antiquity, Scholars Press, Atlanta [Georgia], 1993, p. 65-92.
—, The Jews of Egypt: From Rameses II to Emperor Hadrian, trans. by R. Cornman, and with a foreword by S. J. D. Cohen, T&T Clark, Edinburgh, 1995.
Moxnes (Halvor), « ’He Saw the City Was Full of Idols’ (Acts 17:16). Visualising the World of the First Christians », in D. Hellholm, H. Moxnes and T. Karlsen Seim (eds.), Mighty Minorities? Minorities in Early Christianity- Positions and Strategies. Essays in Honour of Jacob Jervell on His 70th Birthday 21 May 1995, Scandinavian University Press, Oslo, 1995, p. 107-131.
Nickelsburg (George W. E.), Jewish Literature Between the Bible and the Mishnah, SCM Press, London, 1981.
Niehoff (Maren), Philo on Jewish Identity and Culture, Texts and Studies in Ancient Judaism 86, J. C. B. Mohr, Tübingen, 2001.
Patterson (John R.), « Colonization and Historiography: The Roman Republic », in G. Bradley and J. P. Wilson (eds.), Greek and Roman Colonization. Origins, Ideologies and Interactions, Classical Press of Wales, Swansea, 2006, p. 189-218.
Pearce (Sarah), « Jerusalem as ‘Mother-City’ in the writings of Philo of Alexandria », in J. M. G. Barclay (ed.), Negotiating Diaspora: Jewish strategies in the Roman Empire, T&T Clark, London, 2004, p. 19-36.
Pietersma (Albert) and Wright (Benjamin J.), eds., A New English Translation of the Septuagint, Oxford University Press, New York, 2007.
Runia (David T.), « How to Read Philo », in Exegesis and Philosophy: Studies on Philo of Alexandria, Collected Studies Series, Variorum, Aldershot, 1990, p. 185-198.
—, « Philo, Alexandrian and Jew », in Exegesis and Philosophy: Studies on Philo of Alexandria, Collected Studies Series, Variorum, Aldershot, 1990, p. 1-18.
Salmon (Edward T.), Roman Colonization Under the Republic, Aspects of Greek and Roman Life, Thames and Hudson, London, 1969.
Sandmel (Samuel), Judaism and Christian Beginnings, Oxford University Press, New York, 1978.
Schwartz (Daniel R.), « Philo, His Family and His Times », in The Cambridge Companion to Philo, edited by A. Kamesar, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2009, p. 9-31.
Scott (James M.), « Exile and Self-Understanding of Diaspora Jews in the Graeco-Roman Period », in J. M. Scott (ed.), Exile. Old Testament, Jewish, and Christian Conceptions, Supplements for the Study of Judaism 56, E. J. Brill, Leiden, 1997, p. 173-218.
—, « Philo and the Restoration of Israel », in SBL Seminar Papers Annual Meeting 1995, edited by E. H. Lovering Jr., Scholars Press, Atlanta [Georgia], 1995, p. 553-575.
Segovia (Fernando F.), Decolonizing Biblical Studies, Orbis Books, New York, 2000.
—, « Biblical Criticism and Postcolonial Studies. Toward a Postcolonial Optic », in Idem, Decolonizing Biblical Studies. A View from the Margins, Orbis Books, New York, 2000, p. 119-132.
Seland (Torrey), « ’Conduct yourselves honorably among the Gentiles’ (1 Peter 2:12): Assimilation and Acculturation in 1 Peter », in Idem, Strangers in the Light: Philonic Perspectives on Christian Identity in 1 Peter, Biblical Interpretation Series 76, E. J. Brill, Leiden, 2005, p. 147-189.
—, Establishment Violence in Philo & Luke: A Study of Non-Conformity to the Torah & Jewish Vigilante Reactions, Biblical Interpretation Series 15, E. J. Brill, Leiden, 1995.
Smallwood (E. Mary), The Jews Under Roman Rule: From Pompey to Diocletian, Studies in Judaism in Late Antiquity 20, E. J. Brill, Leiden, 1981.
Sugirtharajah (Rasiah S.), « Charting the Aftermath: A Review of Postcolonial Criticism », in The Postcolonial Biblical Reader, edited by R. S. Sugirtharajah, Blackwell Publishing, Malden, 2006, p. 7-32.
Wilson (John-Paul), « ’Ideologies’ of Greek Colonization », in G. Bradley and J.-P. Wilson (eds.), Greek and Roman Colonization. Origins, Ideologies and Interactions, Classical Press of Wales, Swansea, 2006, p. 25-57.
Wolfson (Harry A.), Philo. Foundations of Religious Philosophy in Judaism, Christianity and Islam 1., Harvard University Press, Cambridge Ma., 1948.
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Notes
On the conditions in the Diaspora in general, see E. M. Smallwood, The Jews Under Roman Rule: From Pompey to Diocletian, Studies in Judaism in Late Antiquity 20, E. J. Brill, Leiden, 1981 and J. Mélèze Modrzejewski, The Jews of Egypt: From Rameses II to Emperor Hadrian, trans. by R. Cornman and with a foreword by S. J. D. Cohen, T&T Clark, Edinburgh, 1995. On the pogrom, see P. W. van der Horst, « The First Pogrom: Alexandria 38 C.E. », European Review 10, 2002, p. 469-484, and now especially S. Gambetti, The Alexandrian Riots of 38 C.E. and the Persecution of the Jews: A Historical Reconstruction, Supplements to the Journal for the Study of Judaism 135, E. J. Brill, Leiden, 2009.
H. Moxnes, « ’He Saw the City Was Full of Idols’ (Acts 17:16). Visualising the World of the First Christians », in D. Hellholm, H. Moxnes and T. Karlsen Seim (eds.), Mighty Minorities? Minorities in Early Christianity- Positions and Strategies. Essays in Honour of Jacob Jervell on His 70th Birthday 21 May 1995, Scandinavian University Press, Oslo, 1995, p. 107-131.
See F. F. Segovia, Decolonizing Biblical Studies, Orbis Books, New York, 2000, p. 125; see further W. Carter, The Roman Empire and the New Testament. An Essential Guide, Abingdon Press, Nashville, 2006, p. 1 concerning the New Testament: « The Roman Empire provides the ever-present political, economic, societal, and religious framework and context for the New Testament’s claims, language, structures, personnel and scenes ». The same should be said of the world of Philo.
See Josephus Ant. 18:159.259 and 19:276; cf. D. R. Schwartz, « Philo, His Family and His Times », in A. Kamesar (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Philo, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2009, p. 12-13. While this does not prove that Philo too was a wealthy man, it probably indicates that he too belonged to the upper social strata of the Jewish population in Alexandria.
E. R. Goodenough, « Philo and Public Life », Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 12, 1926, p. 77-79, here cited from p. 79. See also his The Jurisprudence of the Jewish Courts in Egypt, Philo Press, Amsterdam <New Haven>, 1969 (reprint 1929), p. 9 : « a practical political administrator of some kind during much of his life ».
The influence from the works of Plato, from Pythagoreanism and Stoicism is especially prominent in his works. H. A. Wolfson, Philo. Foundations of Religious Philosophy in Judaism, Christianity and Islam 1, Harvard University Press, Cambridge Ma., 1947, p. 93 lists 23 philosophers of which he finds citations in the works of Philo.
S. Sandmel, Judaism and Christian Beginnings, Oxford University Press, New York, 1978, p. 280.
Cf. his characterization in P. Borgen, « Philo of Alexandria. A Critical and Synthetical Survey of Research Since World War II », in Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt II 21,1 : Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung. 2. Principat. Religion: Hellenistisches Judentum in römischer Zeit: Philon und Josephus, edited by W. Haase, W. de Gruyter, Berlin, 1984, p. 150: « A conqueror, on the verge of being conquered ». This characterization has been adopted by D. T. Runia, « How to Read Philo », in Exegesis and Philosophy: Studies on Philo of Alexandria, Collected Studies Series, Variorum, Aldershot, 1990, p. 185-198, see esp. p. 190; cf. D. T. Runia, « Philo, Alexandrian and Jew », in Exegesis and Philosophy: Studies on Philo of Alexandria, Collected Studies Series, Variorum, Aldershot, 1990, p. 16 : « ... can hardly be bettered ».
Borgen, « Philo of Alexandria », op. cit., p. 154. Cf. P. Borgen, « Filo, Diasporajøde Fra Aleksandria », in H. Kvalbein (ed.), Blant skriftlærde og fariseere: Jødedommen i oldtiden, Verbum, Oslo, 1984, p. 154.
On this, see my Establishment Violence in Philo & Luke: A Study of Non-Conformity to the Torah & Jewish Vigilante Reactions, Biblical Interpretation Series 15, E. J. Brill, Leiden 1995.
I have dealt with these issues in my « ’Conduct yourselves honorably among the Gentiles’ (1 Peter 2:12): Assimilation and Acculturation in 1 Peter », in T. Seland (ed.), Strangers in the Light: Philonic Perspectives on Christian Identity in 1 Peter, Biblical Interpretation Series 76, E. J. Brill, Leiden, 2005, p. 147-189.
His allegiance to Judaism is further demonstrated by his attitudes toward such social phenomena as family structures and marriage rules. His view of Jewish family life is highly restrictive: women are to be kept at home and protected from disturbing influences (Spec. leg. 3:169-174; cf. Pseudo Phocylides 215-216). He condemns the brother-sister marriages so prevalent in the Egypt of his time (cf. Spec. leg. 3:22-24; Pseudo Phocylides 182). On such marriages, see K. Hopkins, « Brother- Sister Marriage in Roman Egypt », Comparative Studies in Society and History 22, 1980, p. 303-354.
See Spec. leg. 1:51; 4:55, 100; Vita Mosis 2:211.
For a discussion of many aspects of the early and later colonization, see G. Bradley and J. P. Wilson (eds.), Greek and Roman Colonization. Origins, Ideologies and Interactions, Classical Press of Wales, Swansea, 2006; I. Malkin, « Postcolonial concepts and ancient Greek colonization », Modern Language Quarterly 65, 2004, p. 341-364.
A. J. Graham, Colony and Mother City in Ancient Greece, Ares Publishers, Chicago, 1983, p. 5.
J. P. Wilson, «’Ideologies’ of Greek Colonization », in G. Bradley and J. P. Wilson (eds.), Greek and Roman Colonization. Origins, Ideologies and Interactions, Classical Press of Wales, Swansea, 2006, p. 25.
Wilson, Greek and Roman Colonization, op. cit., p. 51.
On the various phases of this history, see the review of J. R. Patterson, « Colonization and Historiography: The Roman Republic », in G. Bradley and J. P. Wilson (eds.), Greek and Roman Colonization. Origins, Ideologies and Interactions, Classical Press of Wales, Swansea, 2006, p. 189-218.
See here especially E. T. Salmon, Roman Colonization Under the Republic, Aspects of Greek and Roman Life, Thames and Hudson, London, 1969, p. 145-157.
Salmon, Roman Colonization Under the Republic, op. cit., p. 145.
Salmon, Roman Colonization Under the Republic, op. cit., p. 150.
See also B. Levick, Roman Colonies in Southern Asia Minor, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1967, p. 184-194.
« The first authentic evidence of the presence of Jews in Alexandria is given by Aramaic and Greek inscriptions from the necropolis of Ibrahamiya in the environs of the town, probably of the reign of Ptolemy I or II (CPJ 1:3, n. 8 and CPJ 3:138-139). The Alexandrian literature, especially the translation of the Bible into Greek, testifies to the strength and vitality of the Jewish community of Alexandria already from the 3rd century B.C. »: P. Borgen, « Judaism: Judaism in Egypt », in The Anchor Bible Dictionary. Volume 3: H-J, editor in chief D. N. Freedman, Doubleday, New York, 1992, p. 1061-1072. See further Smallwood, The Jews Under Roman Rule, op. cit., p. 220-224; J. M. G. Barclay, Jews in the Mediterranean Diaspora: From Alexander to Trajan (323 BCE - 117 CE), T&T Clark, Edinburgh, 1996, p. 19-81, and for an overview of the history of the Jews in Egypt, see now especially Modrzejewski, The Jews of Egypt, op. cit.
See also Josephus, Ant. 1:186-189; Contra Apion. 2:33; Bellum 12:9. As for their literature in addition to Philo, see especially Letter of Aristeas; Aristobulos; 3 Maccabees; and Wisdom of Salomo. Cf. G. W. E. Nickelsburg, Jewish Literature Between the Bible and the Mishnah, Fortress, Philadelphia, 1981, p. 161-193.
Borgen, « Judaism: Judaism in Egypt », op. cit.
B. Ashcroft, G. Griffiths and H. Tiffin, Post-Colonial Studies. The Key Concepts. Second Edition, Routledge, London and New York, 2007, p. 7.
See here Ashcroft, Griffiths and Tiffin, Post-Colonial Studies, op. cit., p. 6-36.
R. S. Sugirtharajah, « Charting the Aftermath: A Review of Postcolonial Criticism », in Idem (ed.), The Postcolonial Biblical Reader, Blackwell Publishing, Malden Ma., 2006, p. 7-32.
Sugirtharajah, « Charting the Aftermath », op. cit., p. 7.
Sugirtharajah, « Charting the Aftermath », op. cit., p. 8.
F. F. Segovia admits that he finds the expression “imperial-colonial” more and more attractive. Cf. F. F. Segovia, « Biblical Criticism and Postcolonial Studies. Toward a Postcolonial Optic », in Segovia, Decolonizing Biblical Studies, op. cit., p. 154.
This is much too brief, but it may suffice in the present context. For a further discussion of this terminology and the social processes involved, see Seland, « Conduct yourselves », op. cit.
See more on this in Britannica Online Encyclopedia: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/ 383252/mimicry.
H. K. Bhabha, The Location of Culture, Routledge, London, 1994 [reprint 2004], p. 122.
Ashcroft, Griffiths and Tiffin, Post-Colonial Studies, op. cit., p. 125.
Ashcroft, Griffiths and Tiffin, Post-Colonial Studies, op. cit., p. 108.
J. McLeod, Beginning Postcolonialism, Manchester University Press, Manchester, 2000, p. 205-238.
B. Ashcroft, G. Griffiths and H. Tiffin, The Empire Writes Back. Theory and Practice in Post-Colonial Literatures, Routledge, London, 2002.
McLeod, Beginning Postcolonialism, op. cit., p. 25-29.
Ashcroft, Griffiths and Tiffin, The Empire Writes Back, op. cit., p. 5.
Ashcroft, Griffiths and Tiffin, The Empire Writes Back, op. cit., p. 5.
For a brief assessment of Josephus, see L. H. Feldman, « Josephus (PERSON) », in The Anchor Bible Dictionary. Volume 3: H-J, editor in chief D. N. Freedman, Doubleday, New York, 1992, p. 981-998.
E. R. Goodenough, The Politics of Philo Judaeus, Yale University Press, New Haven, 1938; E. R. Goodenough, An Introduction to Philo Judaeus, J. Neusner, Brown Classics in Judaica [University Press of America, Lanham 1986 (orig. publ. 1940; second edition 1962)].
Goodenough, The Politics of Philo Judaeus, op. cit., p. 7.
Goodenough, The Politics of Philo Judaeus, op. cit., p. 4-6.
Goodenough, The Politics of Philo Judaeus, op. cit., p. 10-11; P. W. van der Horst, Philo’s Flaccus: The First Pogrom: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary, Philo of Alexandria Commentary Series, E. J. Brill, Leiden, 2003, p. 15-16.
Goodenough, The Politics of Philo Judaeus, op. cit., p. 19.
See, e.g., R. Barraclough, « Philo’s Politics: Roman Rule and Hellenistic Judaism », in Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt II 21,1 : Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung. 2. Principat. Religion: (Hellenistisches Judentum in römischer Zeit: Philon und Josephus), edited by H. Temporini and W. Haase, W. de Gruyter, Berlin, 1984, p. 448-449.
D. M. Hay, « Politics and Exegesis in Philo’s Treatise on Dreams », in Society of Biblical Literature 1987 Seminar Papers, edited by K. H. Richards, Scholars Press, Atlanta [Georgia], 1987, p. 438.
« Jeg mener derfor, at Goodenough har ret i at tolke dem som Filons slet skjulte advarsler til den romerske elite: Dersom Roms traditionelle positive politik over for det jødiske folk ændres i negativ retning, som det skete under kejser Caligula, består der en reel fare for, at en sådan ændring vil fremkalde en væbnet jødisk modstand af et sådant omfang, at den vil volde Rom alvorlige vanskeligheder »: P. Bilde, « Filon som polemiker og politisk apologet. En undersøgelse af de to historiske skrifter Mod Flaccus (In Flaccum) og Om delegationen til Gaius (De legatione ad Gaium) », in A. Klostergaard Petersen and K. Sigvald Fuglseth (eds.), Perspektiver på jødisk apologetik, Antikken Og Kristendommen 4, Forlaget ANIS, København, 2007, p. 178. Cf. here also E. Birnbaum on In Flaccum: « Philo […] may also wish to sound a warning to Gentiles to stop their maltreatment of his people »: E. Birnbaum, The Place of Judaism in Philo’s Thought. Israel, Jews, and Proselytes, Brown Judaic Series 290 / Studia Philonica Monographs 2, Scholars Press, Atlanta [Georgia], 1996, p. 21.
I could not get my hand on this in any library: C. Carlier, La μητρόπολις chez Philon d’Alexandrie: le concept de colonisation appliqué à la Diaspora juive, Mémoire pour l’Académie des Incriptions et Belles-Lettres, Jerusalem, 1991.
A. Kasher, The Jews in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt, Texte und Studien Zum Antiken Judentum 7, J. C. B. Mohr, Tübingen, 1985.
Cf. J. Mélèze-Modrzejewski, « How to be a Greek and yet a Jew in Hellenistic Alexandria? », in S. J. D. Cohen and E. S. Frerichs (eds.), Diasporas in Antiquity, Scholars Press, Atlanta [Georgia], 1993, p. 77-78; S. Pearce, « Jerusalem as ‘Mother-City’ in the writings of Philo of Alexandria », in J. M. G. Barclay (ed.), Negotiating Diaspora: Jewish strategies in the Roman Empire, T&T Clark, London, 2004, p. 19-36; Barclay, Jews in the Mediterranean Diaspora, op. cit., p. 43, n. 73; p. 64-65.
Smallwood, The Jews Under Roman Rule, op. cit., p. 225-227; Borgen, « Judaism: Judaism in Egypt », op. cit.; Schwartz, « Philo, His Family and His Times », op. cit., p. 16-17; A. Harker, Loyalty and Dissidence in Roman Egypt. The Case of the Acta Alexandrinorum, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2008, pp. 212-220.
Kasher, The Jews in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt, op. cit., p. 236.
Kasher, The Jews in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt, op. cit., p. 237.
Kasher, The Jews in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt, op. cit., p. 238.
See J. M. Scott, « Philo and the Restoration of Israel », in E. H. Lovering Jr. (ed.), SBL Seminar Papers Annual Meeting 1995, Scholars Press, Atlanta [Georgia], 1995, p. 553-575, and also J. M. Scott, « Exile and Self-Understanding of Diaspora Jews in the Graeco-Roman Period », in Idem (ed.), Exile. Old Testament, Jewish, and Christian Conceptions, Supplements for the Study of Judaism 56, E. J. Brill, Leiden, 1997, p. 173-218.
Scott, « Philo and the Restoration of Israel », op. cit., p. 557-558.
Scott, « Exile and Self-Understanding », op. cit., p. 189-193; Scott, « Philo and the Restoration of Israel », op. cit., p. 563.
M. Niehoff, Philo on Jewish Identity and Culture, Texts and Studies in Ancient Judaism 86, J. C. B. Mohr, Tübingen, 2001.
Niehoff, Philo on Jewish Identity and Culture, op. cit., p. 42.
Niehoff, Philo on Jewish Identity and Culture, op. cit., p. 37-38.
See especially Niehoff, Philo on Jewish Identity and Culture, op. cit., p. 39-40.
Niehoff, Philo on Jewish Identity and Culture, op. cit., p. 34-35.
Niehoff, Philo on Jewish Identity and Culture, op. cit., p. 36-37.
Pearce, « Jerusalem as ‘Mother-City’ in the writings of Philo of Alexandria », op. cit.
Pearce, « Jerusalem as ‘Mother-City’ in the writings of Philo of Alexandria », op. cit., p. 33.
Pearce, « Jerusalem as ‘Mother-City’ in the writings of Philo of Alexandria », op. cit., p. 34.
See Borgen, « Philo of Alexandria », op. cit., p. 117-118. See also his « Application of and Commitment to the Laws of Moses. Observations on Philo’s Treatise On the Embassy to Gaius », in D. T. Runia and G. E. Sterling (eds.), In the Spirit of Faith: Studies in Philo and Early Christianity in Honor of David Hay, Studia Philonica Annual. Studies in Hellenistic Judaism Volume XIII, Scholars Press, Atlanta [Georgia], 2001, p. 86-101.
J. Kiefer, Exil und Diaspora. Begrifflichkeit und Deutungen im antiken Judentum und in der hebräischen Bibel, Arbeiten zur Bibel und ihrer Geschichte 19, Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig, 2005, p. 218.
Kiefer, Exil und Diaspora, op. cit., p. 217-218.
This is what one would have expected concerning the Bible translations, as modern Bibles are translated from the Hebrew text. But the translation ‘exile’ is also used in the most recent English translation of the Septuagint; see A. Pietersma and B. J. Wright (eds.), A New English Translation of the Septuagint, Oxford University Press, New York, 2007.
See Abr. 66.68.72.77.85; Heres. 98.
See Mos. 1:71.163.170.195.222.233.236.239.255.256; Cong. 84; Spec. 2:146.150.158.
See Spec. 4:178; Virt. 102.219; Praem. 16-17.
Kiefer, Exil und Diaspora, op. cit., p. 405.
See here the convincing arguments made by Y. Amir, Die hellenistische Gestalt des Judentums bei Philon von Alexandria, Neukirchen-Vluyn, 1983, p. 53, n. 5.
For a discussion concerning these issues, see, e.g., Borgen, « Philo of Alexandria », op. cit.
See here the discussion in P. W. van der Horst, Philo’s Flaccus, op. cit., p. 15-16.
Amir, Die hellenistische Gestalt des Judentums bei Philon von Alexandria, op. cit.,
p. 52-56; Mélèze-Modrzejewski, « How to be a Greek and yet a Jew in Hellenistic Alexandria? », op. cit., p. 72-80; Niehoff, Philo on Jewish Identity and Culture, op. cit., p. 34-35.
Pearce, « Jerusalem as ‘Mother-City’ in the writings of Philo of Alexandria », op. cit., p. 33.
Niehoff, Philo on Jewish Identity and Culture, op. cit., p. 42.
Amir, Die hellenistische Gestalt des Judentums bei Philon von Alexandria, op. cit.,
p. 53.
Kiefer, Exil und Diaspora, op. cit., p. 407.
Amir, Die hellenistische Gestalt des Judentums bei Philon von Alexandria, op. cit., p. 53.
Niehoff, Philo on Jewish Identity and Culture, op. cit., p. 36.
Niehoff, Philo on Jewish Identity and Culture, op. cit., p. 36-37.
Cf. here his eschatology, in which the Jews are to be gathered from the various parts of the world: Praem. 162-172; see further P. Borgen, « ’There Shall Come Forth a Man’: Reflections on Messianic Ideas in Philo », in J. H. Charlesworth (ed.), The Messiah, Augsburg & Fortress, Minneapolis, 1992, p. 341-361, probably the best presentation of Philo’s eschatology.
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