Bibliographie
Abbot Robert, The Young-Mans Warning-Peece: or, a Sermon Preached at the Buriall of William Rogers Apothecary. With an History of His Sinfull Life, and Wofull Death. Together with a Post-Script of the Use of Examples. Dedicated to the Young-Men of the Parish, Especially to His Companions. By Robert Abbot, Vicar of Cranebrooke in Kent, London: R.B. for P. Stephens & C. Meredith, 1639 [1636], STC 60.7.
Barros Paula, « Les Vivants à l’épreuve du deuil. Discours normatifs et écrits de circonstance en Angleterre, c. 1550-1640 », Thèse de doctorat, sous la direction de Luc Borot, Université Montpellier III, 2007.
Beier Lucinda McCray, « The Good Death in Seventeenth-Century England », in Ralph Houlbrooke (Ed.), Death, Ritual and Bereavement, London et New York: Routledge, 1989, 43-61.
Carlson Eric Josef, « English Funeral Sermons as Sources: The Example of Female Piety in Pre-1640 Sermons », Albion, vol. 32, n° 4, Winter 2000, 567-97.
CHAMBERLAIN John, The Chamberlain Letters. A Selection of the Letters of John Chamberlain concerning Life in England from 1597 to 1626, in Elizabeth McClure Thomson (Ed.), London: John Murray, 1966.
Collinson Patrick, « “A Magazine of Religious Patterns” : An Erasmian Topic Transposed in English Protestantism », in Derek Baker (Ed.), Renaissance and Renewal in Christian History, Papers Read at the Fifteenth Summer Meeting and the Sixteenth Winter Meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society, Oxford : Basil Blackwell, coll. « Studies in Church History », 1977.
Collinson Patrick, « Magistracy and Ministry: a Suffolk Miniature », in idem, Godly People: Essays on English Protestantism and Puritanism, London: Hambledon Press, coll. « History Series », 1983, 445-466.
Cressy David, Birth, Marriage, and Death. Ritual, Religion, and the Life-Cycle in Tudor and Stuart England, Oxford: Oxford UP, 1997.
Denison Stephen, The Monument or Tombe-Stone : or, a Sermon Preached at Laurence Pountnies Church in London, Novemb. 21. 1619. at the Funerall of Mrs. Elizabeth Juxon, the Late Wife of Mr. John Juxon. By Stephen Denison Minister of Gods Word, at Kree-Church in the Honourable Citie of London, London: Richard Field, 1622 [1620], STC 6605.
Dugan Eileen T., « The Funeral Sermon as a Key to Familial Values in Early Modern Nördlingen », Sixteenth Century Journal, vol. 20, n° 4, 1989, 631-44.
Eaton Richard, A Sermon Preached at the Funeralls of That Worthie and Worshipfull Gentleman, Master Thomas Dutton of Dutton, Esquire, Who Yeelded to Nature the 28. of December. By Richard Eaton Bachelour of Divinitie, and Pastor of Great Budworth in Cheshire, London: John Legatt for Samuel Man, 1616, STC 7468.
English Short Title Catalogue, London: The British Library, <http://www.estc.bl.uk>
Gataker Thomas, Abrahams Decease. A Meditation on Genesis 25.8. Delivered at the Funerall of That Worthy Servant of Christ, Mr. Richard Stock, Late Pastor of All-Hallowes Bread-Street: Together with the Testimonie Then Given unto Him. By Thomas Gataker B. of D. and Pastor of Rotherhith, London : John Haviland for Fulke Clifton, 1627, STC 11647.
Houlbrooke Ralph, Death, Religion and the Family in England, 1480-1750, Oxford: Clarendon Press, coll. « Oxford Studies in Social History », 1998.
Jackson Thomas, Sinnelesse Sorrow for the Dead. A Comfortable Sermon : Preached at the Funerall of Mr Moyle, of Buck-Well, in the Countie of Kent Esquire, the Sixt of Januarie. 1614. By Thomas Jackson, Batchelor in Divinitie, and Preacher of Gods Word, at Wye in Kent, London: T.S[nodham] for Roger Jackson, 1614, STC 14305a.
Langhorne Lancelot, Mary Sitting at Christs Feet. A Sermon Preached at the Funerall of Mris Mary Swaine, the Wife of Mr William Swaine, at Saint Buttolphs without Aldersgate. Declaring Her Christian Life, and Comfortable Death, for the Encouraging of All Christian Gentlewomen, and Others, to Walke in the Steps of This Religious Gentlewoman Already Departed. By Lancelot Langhorne, Preacher of the Word of God, London: [N. Okes] for Arthur Johnson, 1611, STC 15197.
Lewalski Barbara Kiefer, Donne’s Anniversaries and the Poetry of Praise. The Creation of a Symbolic Mode, Princeton: Princeton UP, 1973.
MacCulloch Diarmaid, The Reformation. A History, London: Penguin, 2005 [2003].
Oldmayne Timothy, Gods Rebuke in Taking from Us That Worthy and Honourable Gentleman Sir Edward Lewkenor Knight, the First Day of May This Present Yeere 1618. He Being at That Time High Sheriffe of Suffolke: Whose Christian Life and Comfortable End Are Here Faithfully Recorded. Together with Divers Profitable and Necessarie Instructions ; Delivered First in a Discourse at His Funerall, and Now Inlarged, and Published, for the Benefit of Others Not Then Present. By T. O. Alias P. Minister of the Word of God at Denham in Suffolke, London: Edward Griffin for John Parker, 1619, STC 18805.
Oldmayne Timothy, Lifes Brevitie and Deaths Debility. Evidently Declared in a Sermon Preached at the Funerall of That Hopeful and Vertuous Yong Gentleman Edward Lewkenor Esquire, &c. In Whose Death Is Ended the Name of That Renowned Family of the Lewkenors in Suffolke. By Tymothy Oldmayne Minister of the Word of God at Denham in Suffolke. Our Dayes on Earth Are As a Shaddow, and There Is None Abiding. Also an Elegy and an Epitaph on the Death of That Worthy Gentleman, by I. G. Dr. of D., London: N. and I. Okes, 1636, STC 18806.
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford UP, 2004, <http://www.oxforddnb.com>.
perkins William, The Workes of That Famous and Worthie Minister of Christ in the Universitie of Cambridge, M. W. Perkins, 3 vol., Cambridge: John Legate, 1608-09, STC 19649.
Pernot Laurent, La Rhétorique de l’éloge dans le monde gréco-romain, 2 vol., Paris : Institut d’Études Augustiniennes, coll. « Études Augustiniennes, Antiquité », 1993.
Preston John, A Sermon Preached at the Funerall of Mr. Josiah Reynel Esquire, the 13th of August 1614. in East-Ogwell in Devon. By John Preston Minister of Gods Word in East-Ogwell, London: Nicholas Okes for Richard Boulton, 1615, STC 20282.5.
Preston John, The Patriarchs Portion or, the Saints Best Day. Delivered in a Sermon at the Funerall of Sir Thomas Reynell of Ogwell in Devon. Knight, Aprill. 16. 1618. Wherein May Be Seene, 1 The Shortnesse of Mans Life. 2 A Christians Combat against 1 Sathan. 2 The World. 3 The Flesh. 4 Sinne. 3 A Preparation to Die Well. 4 The Reward of Glory after Warfare. By John Preston, Preacher of Gods Word at East-Ogwell, in Devon, London: A. M[athewes] for Roger Jackeson, 1619, STC 20248.
Pricke Robert, A Verie Godlie and Learned Sermon, Treating of Mans Mortalitie, and of the Estate Both of His Bodie and Soule after Death. Preached at Denham in Suffolke. At the Celebration of the Solemne and Mournfull Funerals of the Right Worshipfull Sir Edward Lewkenor Knight, and of the Vertuous Ladie Susan, His Wife, Both at Once. By M. Robert Pricke Their Beloved and Faithfull Minister: Now Also Since That Time (to the Encrease of Our Sorow for the Losse of So Excellent a Light) Departed This Life, London: Thomas Creede, 1608, STC 20338.
Rhétorique à Herennius, texte établi et traduit par Guy Achard, Paris : Les Belles Lettres, coll. « Collection des universités de France », 1989.
Quintilien, L’Institution oratoire, texte établi et traduit par Jean Cousin, 7 vol., Paris : Les Belles Lettres, coll. « Collection des universités de France », 1975-80.
Threnoikos. The House of Mourning; Furnished with Directions for[,] Preparations to[,] Meditations of[,] Consolations at the Houre of Death. Delivered in XLVII. Sermons, Preached at the Funeralls of Divers Faithfull Servants of Christ. By Daniel Featly[,] Martin Day[,] Richard Sibbs[,] Thomas Taylor[,] Doctors in Divinitie. And Other Reverend Divines, London: John Dawson for R[alph] M[abbe and Nicholas Bourne], 1640, STC 24048.
Utie Emmanuel, Mathew the Publican. A Funerall Sermon, Preached in St. Stephens Walbrooke the 11th of March 1615. By E. U. Sometimes Fellow of St. Johns Colledge in Cambridge, London: Edward Griffin for Nathaniel Butter, 1616, STC 24560.
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Notes
« [T]he truth is he was so drunk with the applause and vanity of his library that he made no conscience to rob Peter (as they say) to pay Paul, for the which he hath his reward in verses and orations which the University heaps upon him for the present, though I make no question but they will quickly vanish and in short time come to stop mustard pots », John Chamberlain, The Chamberlain Letters. A Selection of the Letters of John Chamberlain concerning Life in England from 1597 to 1626, Elizabeth McClure Thomson (Ed.), London: John Murray, 1966, 98.
Barbara Kiefer Lewalski, Donne’s Anniversaries and the Poetry of Praise. The Creation of a Symbolic Mode, Princeton: Princeton UP, 1973, 192 ; Patrick Collinson, « “A Magazine of Religious Patterns” : An Erasmian Topic Transposed in English Protestantism », in Derek Baker (Ed.), Renaissance and Renewal in Christian History, Papers Read at the Fifteenth Summer Meeting and the Sixteenth Winter Meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society, Oxford : Basil Blackwell, coll. « Studies in Church History », 1977, 234 et passim.
Voir, par exemple, les travaux suivants : Eric Josef Carlson, « English Funeral Sermons as Sources : The Example of Female Piety in Pre-1640 Sermons », Albion, vol. 32, n° 4, Winter 2000, 567-597 ; Eileen T. Dugan, « The Funeral Sermon as a Key to Familial Values in Early Modern Nördlingen », Sixteenth Century Journal, vol. 20, n° 4, 1989, 631-644.
Pour une bibliographie complète des sermons imprimés séparément à l’occasion d’un décès, voir Paula Barros, « Les Vivants à l’épreuve du deuil. Discours normatifs et écrits de circonstance en Angleterre, c. 1550-1640 », Thèse de doctorat, sous la direction de Luc Borot, Université Montpellier III, 2007, 505-521.
Jonathan D. Moore, « Preston, John (1587–1628) », inOxford Dictionary of National Biography,Oxford :Oxford UP, 2004, <http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22727>, consulté le 5 mai 2007.
Voir John Preston, A Sermon Preached at the Funerall of Mr. Josiah Reynel Esquire, the 13. of August 1614. in East-Ogwell in Devon. By John Preston Minister of Gods Word in East-Ogwell, London: Nicholas Okes for Richard Boulton, 1615, STC 20282.5, A2v, in English Short Title Catalogue, London: The British Library, <http://www.estc.bl.uk>. Dans la suite de cette étude, le titre sera indiqué sous la référence communément acceptée : STC.
Il est généralement estimé que la centaine de discours imprimés recensés pour la période ne constitue qu’une infime partie du nombre de sermons effectivement prononcés par les pasteurs protestants au cours du premier XVIIe siècle (Carlson, « English Funeral Sermons as Sources », op. cit., 575-577 ; David Cressy, Birth, Marriage, and Death. Ritual, Religion, and the Life-Cycle in Tudor and Stuart England, Oxford : Oxford UP, 1997, 408 ; Ralph Houlbrooke, Death, Religion and the Family in England, 1480-1750, Oxford : Clarendon Press, coll. « Oxford Studies in Social History », 1998, 298-229).
Preston, A Sermon, op. cit., A3r-v.
Ibid., D2v-D3r.
« In his sicknes he was patient, & willing to leave this miserable world. And as his life was quiet, so he died quietly » (Ibid., D3r).
Patrick Collinson, “A Magazine of Religious Patterns”, op. cit., 243 et 247.
Voir Rhétorique à Herennius, III.10-15, texte établi et traduit par Guy Achard, Paris : Les Belles Lettres, coll. « Collection des universités de France », 1989, 95-101 ; Quintilien, L’Institution oratoire, III.7.10-18, texte établi et traduit par Jean Cousin, 7 vol., Paris : Les Belles Lettres, « Collection des universités de France », 1975-80, vol. 2, 191-193.
Voir Laurent Pernot, La Rhétorique de l’éloge dans le monde gréco-romain, 2 vol., Paris : Institut d’Études Augustiniennes, « Études Augustiniennes, Antiquité », 1993, vol. 1, 148.
Le propos de Collinson vise pour l’essentiel à relativiser l’universalité présumée du schéma de la biographie spirituelle décrit par William Haller. Comme l’observe Collinson, ce n’est que de façon exceptionnelle que les éloges homilétiques retracent les différentes étapes de l’ordo salutis (vocation, conversion, justification, sanctification), Collinson, « “A Magazine of Religious Patterns” », op. cit., 226-227.
« [T]he most certain tokens of a true Christian », John Preston, The Patriarchs Portion or, the Saints Best Day. Delivered in a Sermon at the Funerall of Sir Thomas Reynell of Ogwell in Devon. Knight, Aprill. 16. 1618. Wherein May Be Seene, 1 The Shortnesse of Mans Life. 2 A Christians Combat against 1 Sathan. 2 The World. 3 The Flesh. 4 Sinne. 3 A Preparation to Die Well. 4 The Reward of Glory after Warfare. By John Preston, Preacher of Gods Word at East-Ogwell, in Devon, London: A.M[athewes] for Roger Jackeson, 1619, STC 20248, 58.
Voir William Perkins, A Case of Conscience, the Greatest That Ever Was : How a Man May Know Whether He Be the Childe of God, or No, in William Perkins, The Workes of That Famous and Worthie Minister of Christ in the Universitie of Cambridge, M. W. Perkins, 3 vol., Cambridge : John Legate, 1608-09, STC 19649, vol. 1, 437.
John Preston, The Patriarchs Portion, op. cit., 59.
Ibid., 59-66.
« [A] Candle, wasting himselfe, to give light to others », (Ibid., 66). Voir les occurrences de cette même métaphore dans les éloges de ministres suivants : Thomas Gataker, Abrahams Decease. A Meditation on Genesis 25.8. Delivered at the Funerall of That Worthy Servant of Christ, Mr. Richard Stock, Late Pastor of All-Hallowes Bread-Street : Together with the Testimonie Then Given unto Him. By Thomas Gataker B. of D. and Pastor of Rotherhith, London: John Haviland for Fulke Clifton, 1627, STC 11647, 13 ; The Worlds Losse and the Righteous Mans Gaine, inThrenoikos. The House of Mourning ; Furnished with Directions for[,] Preparations to[,] Meditations of[,] Consolations at the Houre of Death. Delivered in XLVII. Sermons, Preached at the Funeralls of Divers Faithfull Servants of Christ. By Daniel Featly[,] Martin Day[,] Richard Sibbs[,] Thomas Taylor[,] Doctors in Divinitie. And Other Reverend Divines, London: John Dawson for R[alph] M[abbe and Nicholas Bourne], 1640, STC 24048, 17.
La « bonne mort » protestante correspond à un ensemble de comportements codifiés par les préparations à la mort et centrés, pour l’essentiel, sur la profession de foi, l’acceptation patiente du trépas et l’abandon de l’âme à Dieu. La bibliographie sur ce sujet est relativement abondante. Voir en particulier les travaux suivants : Lucinda McCray Beier, “The Good Death in Seventeenth-Century England”, in Ralph Houlbrooke (Ed.), Death, Ritual and Bereavement, London et New York : Routledge, 1989, 43-61 ; Houlbrooke, Death, Religion and the Family, op. cit., 183-219.
John Preston, The Patriarchs Portion, op. cit., 67-68.
Pour plus de détails sur les stratégies de recodification à l’œuvre dans les sermons funèbres protestants, voir Paula Barros, « Les Vivants à l’épreuve du deuil », op. cit., 401-430.
Timothy Oldmayne, Lifes Brevitie and Deaths Debility. Evidently Declared in a Sermon Preached at the Funerall of That Hopeful and Vertuous Yong Gentleman Edward Lewkenor Esquire, &c. In Whose Death Is Ended the Name of That Renowned Family of the Lewkenors in Suffolke. By Tymothy Oldmayne Minister of the Word of God at Denham in Suffolke. Our Dayes on Earth Are As a Shaddow, and There Is None Abiding. Also an Elegy and an Epitaph on the Death of That Worthy Gentleman, by I. G. Dr. of D., London: N. and I. Okes, 1636, STC 18806, 20-21.
« This that hath beene spoken already of the vertuous life of this young Gentleman, is something, but no great matter : for we looked for farre greater things then those, and more flourishing fruites of his Faith » (Ibid., 21 et 23-26 ; la citation est extraite de la page 21).
Sur l’influence des Lewkenor et des Oldmayne dans le Suffolk, voir Patrick Collinson, « Magistracy and Ministry: a Suffolk Miniature », inGodly People: Essays on English Protestantism and Puritanism, London : Hambledon Press, « History Series », 1983, 445-466.
Robert Pricke, A Verie Godlie and Learned Sermon, Treating of Mans Mortalitie, and of the Estate Both of His Bodie and Soule after Death. Preached at Denham in Suffolke. At the Celebration of the Solemne and Mournfull Funerals of the Right Worshipfull Sir Edward Lewkenor Knight, and of the Vertuous Ladie Susan, His Wife, Both at Once. By M. Robert Pricke Their Beloved and Faithfull Minister : Now Also Since That Time (to the Encrease of Our Sorow for the Losse of So Excellent a Light) Departed This Life, London: Thomas Creede, 1608, STC 20338, E1v-F2v ; Timothy Oldmayne, Gods Rebuke in Taking from Us That Worthy and Honourable Gentleman Sir Edward Lewkenor Knight, the First Day of May This Present Yeere 1618. He Being at That Time High Sheriffe of Suffolke : Whose Christian Life and Comfortable End Are Here Faithfully Recorded. Together with Divers Profitable and Necessarie Instructions ; Delivered First in a Discourse at His Funerall, and Now Inlarged, and Published, for the Benefit of Others Not Then Present. By T. O. Alias P. Minister of the Word of God at Denham in Suffolke, London: Edward Griffin for John Parker, 1619, STC 18805, 1-54.
« [I]t cannot be denyed by the most malicious detractour, but that the things before mentioned (if there were no more) doe sufficientlie manifest, that this Gentlemans faith was not vaine, nor his religion verball », Timothy Oldmayne, Lifes Brevitie, op. cit., 22.
Sur la manière dont les prédicateurs anglais traitent la relation entre la foi et les œuvres dans leurs sermons funèbres, voir Paula Barros, « Les Vivants à l’épreuve du deuil », op. cit., 406-410.
Laurent Pernot explique comme suit la relation entre les détails et la topique dans la rhétorique de l’éloge : « les détails précis ne se substituent pas à la topique, ils se coulent en elle pour lui donner vie et couleur. [L’]insertion de faits concrets dans un cadre stéréotypé est caractéristique de la composition épidictique, qui marie le général et le particulier, les topoi et les idiotês tou prosopou », Pernot, La Rhétorique de l’éloge, vol. 1, 256-257.
Pour plus de précisions sur ce point, voir Paula Barros, « Les Vivants à l’épreuve du deuil », op. cit., 416-419.
Richard Eaton, A Sermon Preached at the Funeralls of That Worthie and Worshipfull Gentleman, Master Thomas Dutton of Dutton, Esquire, Who Yeelded to Nature the 28. of December. By Richard Eaton Bachelour of Divinitie, and Pastor of Great Budworth in Cheshire, London: John Legatt for Samuel Man, 1616, STC 7468, A3r-v.
Richard Eaton, op. cit., 19-25.
« I will say little of his natural parts, of wit, memorie, volubility of speech ; all which were excellent in him, and commendable in any, especially when, as Bernard saith […] Grace doth order and sanctifie that which creation has given and bestowed », Ibid., 20-21.
Ibid., 23.
Ibid., 23-24.
Voir Stephen Denison, The Monument or Tombe-Stone : or, a Sermon Preached at Laurence Pountnies Church in London, Novemb. 21. 1619. at the Funerall of Mrs. Elizabeth Juxon, the Late Wife of Mr. John Juxon. By Stephen Denison Minister of Gods Word, at Kree-Church in the Honourable Citie of London, London : Richard Field, 1622 [1620], STC 6605, 46 et 50 ; Gataker, Abrahams Decease, op. cit., 13-4 ; Thomas Jackson, Sinnelesse Sorrow for the Dead. A Comfortable Sermon : Preached at the Funerall of Mr Moyle, of Buck-Well, in the Countie of Kent Esquire, the Sixt of Januarie. 1614. By Thomas Jackson, Batchelor in Divinitie, and Preacher of Gods Word, at Wye in Kent, London: T.S[nodham] for Roger Jackson, 1614, STC 14305a, 4-5 ; Lancelot Langhorne, Mary Sitting at Christs Feet. A Sermon Preached at the Funerall of Mris Mary Swaine, the Wife of Mr William Swaine, at Saint Buttolphs without Aldersgate. Declaring Her Christian Life, and Comfortable Death, for the Encouraging of All Christian Gentlewomen, and Others, to Walke in the Steps of This Religious Gentlewoman Already Departed. By Lancelot Langhorne, Preacher of the Word of God, London: [N. Okes] for Arthur Johnson, 1611, STC 15197, 18.
« [H]e was able to lift up his hands and his eies at every Petition, and to say Amen to every conclusion », Richard Eaton, A Sermon, 25.
Voir Emmanuel Utie, Mathew the Publican. A Funerall Sermon, Preached in St. Stephens Walbrooke the 11. of March 1615. By E. U. Sometimes Fellow of St. Johns Colledge in Cambridge, London: Edward Griffin for Nathaniel Butter, 1616, STC 24560, 37-40 ; Robert Abbot, The Young-Mans Warning-Peece : or, a Sermon Preached at the Buriall of William Rogers Apothecary. With an History of His Sinfull Life, and Wofull Death. Together with a Post-Script of the Use of Examples. Dedicated to the Young-Men of the Parish, Especially to His Companions. By Robert Abbot, Vicar of Cranebrooke in Kent, London: R.B. for P. Stephens et C. Meredith, 1639 [1636], STC 60.7, 22-24 et passim.
Diarmaid MacCulloch définit comme suit l’hérésie antinomiste : « A logical conclusion of the doctrine [of justification by faith] might be antinomianism, the idea that all restrictions on human conduct by laws and regulations have become irrelevant to those saved by the gift of faith. An antinomian might therefore feel entitled to ignore all the agreed rules and restraints of everyday society, confident in ultimate salvation », Diarmaid MacCulloch, The Reformation. A History, London: Penguin, 2005 [2003], 350.
« Though the orator’s appeal to didactic intention to explain an admixture of fiction and hyperbole in his praises was sometimes a cynical effect to defend the crassest flattery, on its positive side it justified the “ideal type” as more suitable for didactic purposes than the particulars of an individual life could be. On these grounds, the demonstrative orator claimed the right to present what ought to be instead of what is », Barbara K. Lewalski, Donne’s Anniversaries, op. cit., 176-177.
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