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131 | 2020
Liban

Une géographie de contrastes
Lebanon, a geography of contrasts

 

Lebanon is at the crossroads of the Mediterranean basin and the Middle-East. The country’s landscape reflects a variety of ecosystems, topography and micro-climate. Located at the crossroads of human dispersal routes, the landscape is hampered by human activity since the Neolithic time. This issue proposes different case studies regarding territorial transformation divided into three thematic parts. First, the transformation of the urban spaces in Beirut are described through the westernization of public spaces since the end of the 19th century followed by a morpho-dynamic study of the urban fabric of the city since 1950. Second, the mountainous areas of Lebanon were also impacted by human activity and mobility since the Neolithic. A first case study on spatial pattern of human occupation in Mount Lebanon describe the population dynamics and the adaptation strategies adopted in an archeological site. A second case study describe the political transformation of the Mount-Lebanon since 1975 to examine the mountain territory role between a "refuge" and a "globalized" space. The last part focuses on the agricultural sector in the Beqaa plain with two cases studies, one on the drought monitoring since 2001 and the other on land and water uses strategies followed by farmers to cope with drought challenges.

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