“There is the problem of Crimea, of the Donbas. If you allow everyone to choose [what to do], then we will have to call Ivan the Terrible to restore order.”
Viktor Chebrikov, discussing the upcoming September plenum on nationalities at a Politburo Meeting, 1989
“And then, the September 1989 plenary session of the CPSU Central Committee approved a truly fatal document, the so-called ethnic policy of the Party in modern conditions, the CPSU platform.”
Vladimir Putin, speech on the recognition of the self-proclaimed Republics of Donetsk and Lugan´sk, February 21, 2022
Reforms of glasnost and perestroika that Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev launched soon after he became the General Secretary of the CPSU in 1985 had a vast and largely unexpected impact on the national question. In the beginning, the Party leadership did not question the “successes” (dostizheniia) of Soviet nationalities policies that had, for decades, according to official doctrine, managed to keep the Union’s people and federa...