Bibliographie
Alexandre-Collier, A., “From Rebellion to Extinction: Where have all the Tory Remainer MPs Gone?”, Political Quarterly, 91:1, 2020, pp. 24-30
Alexandre-Collier, A., Schnapper, P., Usherwood, S., “The nested games of the UK’s EU referendum: ruptures, reconfigurations and lessons for Europe”, Journal of Contemporary European Studies, 29:3, 2021, pp. 301-308.
Bale, T., The Conservative party after Brexit: Turmoil and Transformation, Polity Press, 2023
Bland, A., Elgot, J., “Dissatisfied Tory MPs flock to ERG-inspired pressure groups”, The Guardian, 11 November 2020.
Common Sense Group, “Common Sense: Conservative thinking for a post-liberal age”, 10 May 2021, 136p. https://www.marcolonghi.org.uk/sites/www.marcolonghi.org.uk/files/2021-05/Common-Sense.pdf
Curtice, J., “A Revolt on the Right? The Social and Political Attitudes of UKIP Supporters”, British Social Attitudes 32, National Centre for Social Research, 2015.
Curtice, J., “Culture Wars: Keeping the Brexit Divide Alive?”, British Social Attitudes 39, National Centre for Social Research, 2022.
Cutts D, Goodwin M, Heath O, et al., “Brexit, the 2019 General Election and the Realignment of British Politics”, Political Quarterly, 91:1, 2020, p. 7-23.
Davison Hunter, J., Culture Wars: The Struggle to Define America, Basic Books, 1991.
Duffy, B., “Britain’s descent into culture wars has been rapid, but it needn’t be terminal”, The Conversation, 12 May 2022.
Duffy, B., Stoneman, P. Hewlett, K., May, G., Woollen, C., Norman, C., Skinner, G., Gottfried, G., Woke, cancel culture and white privilege – the shifting terms of the UK’s “culture war”, IPSOS, The Policy Institute, King’s College London, May 2022.
Ellis, C., “A Narrowing of the British Conservative mind?”, Society, 59, 2022, pp. 682–690.
Evans, G., Mellon, J., “Immigration, Euroscepticism and the rise and fall of UKIP”, Party Politics, 25:1, 2019, pp. 76-87.
Evans, G., Menon, A., Brexit and British Politics, Polity Press, 2017.
Ford, R., “The issues with ‘stop the boats’: A promise which can't be delivered stores up trouble”, The Swingometer, 2 March 2023.
Ford, R., Goodwin, M., Revolt on the Right: Explaining Support for the Radical Right in Britain. Routledge, 2014.
Goodhart, D., The Road to Somewhere: the New Tribes Shaping British Politics, Penguin, 2017.
Hobolt, S., Leeper, T.J. and Tilley, J., “Divided by the vote: affective polarization in the wake of the Brexit referendum”, British Journal of Political Science, 51:4, 2021, pp. 1476-1493.
Inglehart, R., The Silent Revolution: Changing Values and Political Styles in Advanced Industrial Society, Princeton University Press, 1977.
Jeffery, C., Wyn Jones, R., Henderson, A., Scully, R., Lodge, G., “Taking England Seriously: The New English Politics”, The Future of England Survey, Centre on Constitutional Change, 2014.
Jennings, W., Stoker, G., “Tilting Towards the Cosmopolitan Axis? Political Change in England and the 2017 General Election”, The Political Quarterly, 88:3, 2017, pp. 359-369.
May, T., speech at the Conservative conference, 5 October 2016.
McDonald, A., “Michael Gove wades into culture wars with blueprint to save the Tories”, Politico, 28 February 2023.
Mudde, C., “The Populist Zeitgeist”, Government and Opposition, 39:4, 2004, pp. 541-563.
Mudde, C., The Far Right in America, Routledge, 2017.
Müller, J-W, What is Populism?, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2016.
Norris, P., Inglehart, R., Cultural Backlash: Trump, Brexit and Authoritarian Populism, Cambridge University Press, 2019.
Noury, A., Roland, G., "Identity Politics and Populism in Europe", Annual Review of Political Science, 23, 2020, pp. 421–39.
Partos, Rebecca, The Making of the Conservative Party’s Immigration Policy, Routledge, 2019.
Reform UK, “Reform is Essential”, December 2022. https://assets.nationbuilder.com/reformuk/pages/19/attachments/original/1671551989/Reform-is-Essential-Dec2022.pdf
Rooduijn, M., “State of the Field: How to Study Populism and Adjacent Topics? A Plea for both More and Less Focus”, European Journal of Political Research, 58:1, 2019, pp. 362-372.
Rydgren, J., “Is Extreme Right-Wing Populism Contagious? Explaining the Emergence of a New Party Family”, European Journal of Political Research, 44:3, 2005, pp. 413–437.
Sobolewska, M., Ford, R., “British Culture Wars? Brexit and the Future Politics of Immigration and Ethnic Diversity”, in G. Kelly, N. Pearce (eds.), Britain Beyond Brexit, The Political Quarterly, Vol 90, Issue S2, 2019, pp. 142–154.
Sobolewska, M., Ford, R., Brexitland: Identity, Diversity and the Reshaping of British Politics, Cambridge University Press, 2020.
Stowers, S., “What does the public think about immigration?”, UK in a Changing Europe, 16 March 2023.
Surridge, P., “The values divide means voters can switch parties more easily”, UK in a Changing Europe, 14 May 2019.
Surridge, P., “Values, volatility and voting: Understanding Voters in England 2015-2019”, UK in a Changing Europe Working Paper, 21 July 2021.
Swales, K., Understanding the Leave Vote, National Centre for Social Research, 2016.
Tournier-Sol, K., "Reworking the Eurosceptic and Conservative Traditions into a Populist Narrative: UKIP's Winning Formula?", Journal of Common Market Studies, 53:1, 2015, pp. 140-156.
Tournier-Sol, K., “From UKIP to Brexit: The Right-Wing Populist Surge in the UK”, in Tournier-Sol, K., Gayte M. (eds), The Faces of Contemporary Populism in Western Europe and the US, Palgrave Macmillan, 2021, pp. 1-22.
Tournier-Sol, K., “From UKIP to the Brexit party: The politicization of European integration and disruptive impact on national and European arenas”, Journal of Contemporary European Studies, 29:3, 2021, pp. 380-390.
UKIP, “People not Politics”, National Manifesto, 2022.
Wadsworth J. et al, Brexit and Immigration in the UK, LSE, Centre for Economic Performance, 2016. https://cep.lse.ac.uk/pubs/download/brexit05.pdf
Wellings, B., Ghazarian, Z., “Why British Conservatives Should be Worried About the Australian Election Results”, Political Insight, 14 September 2022.
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Notes
Sobolewska, M., Ford, R., Brexitland: Identity, Diversity and the Reshaping of British Politics, Cambridge University Press, 2020.
Surridge, P., “Values, volatility and voting: Understanding Voters in England 2015-2019”, UK in a Changing Europe Working Paper, 21 July 2021. Curtice, J., “Culture Wars: Keeping the Brexit Divide Alive?”, British Social Attitudes 39, National Centre for Social Research, 2022, p. 7.
Alexandre-Collier, A., Schnapper, P., Usherwood, S., “The nested games of the UK’s EU referendum: ruptures, reconfigurations and lessons for Europe”, Journal of Contemporary European Studies, 29:3, 2021, pp. 301-308.
Tournier-Sol, K., "Reworking the Eurosceptic and Conservative Traditions into a Populist Narrative: UKIP's Winning Formula?", Journal of Common Market Studies, 53:1, 2015, pp. 140-156.
Rydgren, J., “Is Extreme Right-Wing Populism Contagious? Explaining the Emergence of a New Party Family”, European Journal of Political Research, 44:3, 2005, pp. 413–437.
Ford, R., Goodwin, M., Revolt on the Right: Explaining Support for the Radical Right in Britain. Routledge, 2014.
Müller, J-W, What is Populism? University of Pennsylvania Press, 2016, p. 3.
Noury, A., Roland, G., "Identity Politics and Populism in Europe", Annual Review of Political Science, 23, 2020, p. 424.
Rooduijn, M., “State of the Field: How to Study Populism and Adjacent Topics? A Plea for both More and Less Focus”, European Journal of Political Research, 58:1, 2019, p. 365.
Norris, P., Inglehart, R., Cultural Backlash: Trump, Brexit and Authoritarian Populism, Cambridge University Press, 2019.
Inglehart, R., The Silent Revolution: Changing Values and Political Styles in Advanced Industrial Society, Princeton University Press, 1977.
Sobolewska, M., Ford, R., Brexitland: Identity, Diversity and the Reshaping of British Politics, Cambridge University Press, 2020.
Wadsworth J. et al, Brexit and Immigration in the UK, LSE, Centre for Economic Performance, 2016.
Evans, G., Mellon, J., “Immigration, Euroscepticism and the rise and fall of UKIP”, Party Politics, 25:1, 2019, pp. 76-87.
Norris, P., Inglehart, R., Cultural Backlash: Trump, Brexit and Authoritarian Populism, Cambridge University Press, 2019, p. I.
Partos, R., The Making of the Conservative Party’s Immigration Policy, Routledge, 2019.
Garbaye, R., Latour, V. (eds), “Immigration and Cultural Diversity in Post-Brexit Britain: Political and Social challenges”, Observatoire de la société britannique, n°29, 2022, p. 7. On the billboards one could read: “In the UK illegally? Go Home or Face Arrest. Text Home to 78070”.
BBC News, 25 July 2013.
The Daily Telegraph, 23 January 2013.
“I think the people in this country have had enough of experts from organisations with acronyms saying that they know what is best and getting it consistently wrong”. Sky News Interview, 3 June 2016.
Tournier-Sol, K., “From UKIP to the Brexit party: The politicization of European integration and disruptive impact on national and European arenas”, Journal of Contemporary European Studies, 29:3, 2021, p. 382. Norris, P., Inglehart, R., Cultural Backlash: Trump, Brexit and Authoritarian Populism, Cambridge University Press, 2019, p. 22.
Mudde, C.,”The Populist Zeitgeist”, Government and Opposition, 39:4, 2004, p. 563.
Evans, G., Menon, A., Brexit and British Politics, Polity Press, 2017; Mudde, C., The Far Right in America, Routledge, 2017.
Norris, P., Inglehart, R., Cultural Backlash: Trump, Brexit and Authoritarian Populism, Cambridge University Press, 2019, p. 7.
Goodhart, D., The Road to Somewhere: the New Tribes Shaping British Politics, Penguin, 2017. Norris, P., Inglehart, R., Cultural Backlash: Trump, Brexit and Authoritarian Populism, Cambridge University Press, 2019, p. 396. Jennings, W., Stoker, G., “Tilting Towards the Cosmopolitan Axis? Political Change in England and the 2017 General Election”, The Political Quarterly, 88:3, 2017, pp. 359-369.
Surridge, P., “The values divide means voters can switch parties more easily”, UK in a Changing Europe, 14 May 2019. Hobolt, S., Leeper, T.J. and Tilley, J., “Divided by the vote: affective polarization in the wake of the Brexit referendum”, British Journal of Political Science, 51:4, 2021, pp. 1476-1493.
Swales, K., Understanding the Leave Vote, National Centre for Social Research, 2016, p. 16. Curtice, J., “Culture Wars: Keeping the Brexit Divide Alive?”, British Social Attitudes 39, National Centre for Social Research, 2022, pp.6-7.
Curtice, J., “A Revolt on the Right? The Social and Political Attitudes of UKIP Supporters”, British Social Attitudes 32, National Centre for Social Research, 2015. Jeffery, C., Wyn Jones, R., Henderson, A., Scully, R., Lodge, G., “Taking England Seriously: The New English Politics”, The Future of England Survey, Centre on Constitutional Change, 2014.
Tournier-Sol, K., “From UKIP to Brexit: The Right-Wing Populist Surge in the UK”, in Tournier-Sol, K., Gayte M. (eds), The Faces of Contemporary Populism in Western Europe and the US, Palgrave Macmillan, 2021, pp. 1-22.
Jennings, W., Stoker, G., “Tilting Towards the Cosmopolitan Axis? Political Change in England and the 2017 General Election”, The Political Quarterly, 88:3, 2017, pp. 359-369.
May, T., speech at the Conservative conference, 5 October 2016.
Cutts D, Goodwin M, Heath O, et al., “Brexit, the 2019 General Election and the Realignment of British Politics”, Political Quarterly, 91:1, 2020, p. 14.
Cutts D, Goodwin M, Heath O, et al., “Brexit, the 2019 General Election and the Realignment of British Politics”, Political Quarterly, 91:1, 2020, p. 7-23.
Davison Hunter, J., Culture Wars: The Struggle to Define America, Basic Books, 1991.
C. Mudde, The Far Right in America, Routledge, 2017; M. Rooduijn, “State of the Field: How to Study Populism and Adjacent Topics? A Plea for both More and Less Focus”, European Journal of Political Research, 58:1, 2019, pp. 362-372. Tournier-Sol, K., Gayte M. (eds), The Faces of Contemporary Populism in Western Europe and the US, Palgrave Macmillan, 2021.
Duffy, B., Stoneman, P. Hewlett, K., May, G., Woollen, C., Norman, C., Skinner, G., Gottfried, G., Woke, cancel culture and white privilege – the shifting terms of the UK’s “culture war”, IPSOS, The Policy Institute, King’s College London, May 2022. See also Duffy, B., “Britain’s descent into culture wars has been rapid, but it needn’t be terminal”, The Conversation, 12 May 2022.
Curtice, J., “Culture Wars: Keeping the Brexit Divide Alive?”, British Social Attitudes 39, National Centre for Social Research, 2022, p. 3.
Curtice, J., “Culture Wars: Keeping the Brexit Divide Alive?”, British Social Attitudes 39, National Centre for Social Research, 2022.
Truss, L., “Equality should be for everyone - not just for the woke warrior's favoured few”, The Mail on Sunday, 27 December 2020.
Rishi Sunak went to public school, to Oxford University and to Stanford University where he met his wife, who is the daughter of an Indian billionaire; he is one of the richest MPs in Parliament. He is a former investment banker and hedge fund manager. The couple owns multiple properties across the world.
Bale, T., The Conservative party after Brexit: Turmoil and Transformation, Polity Press, 2023, p. 289.
Watch for instance: https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x8cw1cc
Rishi Sunak called Keir Starmer “another lefty lawyer” trying to block his plans to curb immigration at PMQs on 8 March 2023 when defending the Illegal Immigration Bill. Boris Johnson, Priti Patel and Suella Braverman are other examples of senior Conservatives who have repeatedly attacked “lefty lawyers”.
Adu, A., Elgot, J., Stacey, K., “Senior Conservatives hit out at Suella Braverman’s ‘racist rhetoric’”, The Guardian, 13 April 2023.
Forrest, A., “Lee Anderson says Tories should fight election on ‘culture wars and trans debate”, The Independent, 14 February 2023.
Archie Bland, A., Elgot, J., “Dissatisfied Tory MPs flock to ERG-inspired pressure groups”, The Guardian, 11 November 2020.
Common Sense Group, “Common Sense: Conservative thinking for a post-liberal age”, 10 May 2021, 136p. https://www.marcolonghi.org.uk/sites/www.marcolonghi.org.uk/files/2021-05/Common-Sense.pdf
Ellis, C., “A Narrowing of the British Conservative mind?”, Society, 59, 2022, pp. 682–690.
It was founded in 2019 as the Brexit party, and officially changed its name to Reform UK in January 2021. Nigel Farage quit as party leader in March 2021.
Reform UK, “Reform is Essential”, December 2022, p. 1. https://assets.nationbuilder.com/reformuk/pages/19/attachments/original/1671551989/Reform-is-Essential-Dec2022.pdf
UKIP’s website (accessed 11 July 2023).
IPSOS Issues Index, June 2023. https://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/ct/news/documents/2023-06/Issues%20Index_Jun23%20CATI_v1_PUBLIC.pdf
Sobolewska, M., Ford, R., “British Culture Wars? Brexit and the Future Politics of Immigration and Ethnic Diversity”, in Kelly, G., Pearce, N., (eds.), Britain Beyond Brexit, The Political Quarterly, Vol 90, Issue S2, 2019, pp. 144-145.
In February 2023, immigration was a priority issue for only 13% of voters, against half in 2016. Economy came first (40%), followed by inflation (35%) and the NHS (25%). Ipsos Issues Index, February 2023. In March 2023, immigration rose to 20%, yet remaining behind inflation, the economy and the NHS. https://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/ct/news/documents/2023-03/ipsos-issues-index-uk-february-2023-charts.pdf ; Stowers, S., “What does the public think about immigration?”, UK in a Changing Europe, 16 March 2023. https://ukandeu.ac.uk/what-does-the-public-think-about-immigration/
Ford, R., “The issues with ‘stop the boats’: A promise which can't be delivered stores up trouble”, The Swingometer, 2 March 2023. https://swingometer.substack.com/p/the-issues-with-stop-the-boats
Savage, M., “We risk being seen as the ‘nasty party’ again, warn senior Conservatives”, The Observer, 13 August 2023.
Wellings, B., Ghazarian, Z., “Why British Conservatives Should be Worried About the Australian Election Results”, Political Insight, 14 September 2022.
Duffy, B., “Britain’s descent into culture wars has been rapid, but it needn’t be terminal”, The Conversation, 12 May 2022.
Loc. Cit.
Sobolewska, M., Ford, R., “British Culture Wars? Brexit and the Future Politics of Immigration and Ethnic Diversity”, in G. Kelly, N. Pearce (eds.), Britain Beyond Brexit, The Political Quarterly, Vol 90, Issue S2, 2019, pp. 142–154.
Ellis, C., “A Narrowing of the British Conservative mind?”, Society, 59, 2022, pp. 682–690.
Alexandre-Collier, A., “From Rebellion to Extinction: Where have all the Tory Remainer MPs Gone?”, Political Quarterly, 91:1, 2020, pp. 24-30.
Sobolewska, M., Ford, R., Brexitland: Identity, Diversity and the Reshaping of British Politics, Cambridge University Press, 2020.
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