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Node-name

Description

Comment

Migration

Automatic code:

English:

migra* OR immigra* OR emigra* OR inmigra* OR outmigra*

French:

migra* OR immigra* OR emigra*

Spanish:

migra* OR inmigra* OR immigra* OR emigra*

Manual check:

Note that there is an automatic uncode for IOM in 1.17 below.

References to data migration or animal migration need to be uncoded manually.

This captures all permutations of migrant, immigrant, emigrant, migrate, migration and their plural forms.

Diaspora

Automatic code:

English:

diasp*

French:

diasp*

Spanish:

diásp* OR diasp*

Refugee

Automatic code:

English:

refuge* OR asyl*

French:

réfug* OR refug* OR asile

Spanish:

refugi* OR asil*

Manual check:

Note that there is an automatic uncode for UNHCR in 1.18 below.

Spanish:

Uncode: Refugios Dignos para Proteger a la Población en caso de Emergencias o Desastres Naturales

Displaced

Automatic code:

English:

displac* OR IDP*

French:

déplac* OR deplac* OR PDIP*

Spanish:

desplaz* OR PSD OR PDI OR PID

Manual check:

The acronym IDP is often mentioned in the list of abbreviations in the beginning of the document but this is not a substantial reference. There is a relatively easy way of uncoding them.

After opening “reference text”, scroll though the text and only look at the first 1-2 references in a country document. The change of countries/documents is clearly marked with the blue hyperlink.

If the first 1-2 references have only the term IDP, or list of acronyms this is an indication that this is a mention in the list of abbreviation. In this case:

click the hyperlink for the document. Then a new tab opens in NVivo with the actual pdf/word doc.

Use ctrl+F and IDP to find the reference. If this is actually a list of abbreviation, highlight all text that is coded in the document itself and uncode manually the normal way.

Then close the tab and go back to the tab with all reference text.

French

déplacement may refer to UN staff getting around in the country

Spanish

uncode: planes de desarrollo integral (pDi)

PDIP = personnes déplacées à l’intérieur de leur propre pays.

PSD= Población en Situación de Desplazamiento.

PDI= Personas desplazadas en el interior del país

PID= Personas internamente desplazadas

DIs= Desplazados internos

Remittances

Automatic code:

English:

remit*

French:

transfert*

Spanish:

remesa*

Manual check:

English:

“Remit” can also refer to the task or area of activity officially assigned to an organization (“the remit of the UN”), which needs to be uncoded.

French:

‘transfert” is not only related to remittances but to all kind of transfers (e.g. budget transfers). This needs to be uncoded manually.

return

Automatic code:

English:

return* OR repatria*

French:

rapatri* OR retour*

Spanish:

repatri* OR retorn*

Manual check:

English:

return can also refer to financial returns or the like and thus be uncoded

Spanish:

retorno can also refer to financial returns or the like and thus be uncoded

Expatriate

Automatic code:

English:

expatriat* OR overseas OR foreigner*

French:

expatri* OR étrang* OR etrang OR exterieur* OR extérieur* OR outremer

Spanish:

expatria* OR extranj* OR exteri*

Manual check:

Note that there is an automatic uncode in 1.16 below.

English:

While in some cases, “overseas Indians’ or “overseas Chinese” are correct migration codes, the keyword overseas can also be used in other contexts and needs to be uncoded.

This coding category is subsidiary to ‘migration’. This means that it attempts to catch migration references that are not captured by the migra* string. But we want to avoid double counting. For this reason, “overseas migrant” (and similar permutations) should be uncoded here (but still count as a migration reference under the migration node).

For this reason, there is also an automatic uncode for “overseas remittances”.

French:

“extérieur” sometimes refers to Senegalais a l’ extérieur etc but it can also refer to non-migration ‘outside factors’ and needs to be uncoded in these cases.

Also FDI is called investissements étrangers directs. This is already taken out via automatic uncode but some iterations of this (including where the words are distorted for automatic uncoding by the use of – dashes) need to be taken out.

Spanish:

“exterior” can also refer to non-migration ‘outside factors’ and needs to be uncoded in these cases.

FDI is called inversiones extranjeras directas. This is already taken out via automatic uncode but some iterations of this (including where the words are distorted for automatic uncoding by the use of – dashes) need to be taken out.

Citizenship

Automatic code:

English:

citizensh* OR nationalit* OR stateless* OR naturalization OR naturalized OR naturalisation OR naturalised

French:

citoyeni* OR nationalit* OR apatrid* OR naturalisation OR naturalis*

Spanish:

nacionalidad* OR ciudadanía* OR ciudadania* OR apátrid* OR apatrid* OR naturalización OR naturalizacion OR naturalizad*

Manual check:

All

nationality sometimes refers to ethnic groups, not to the legal status of citizenship and has to be uncoded in these cases

in some cases, the text says “there live people of all nationalities”. This is a migration reference, not a nationality reference.

Spanish:

‘ciudadania’ is often referred to as ‘citizenry’ (all citizens together), instead of the legal status of citizenship. This needs to be uncoded manually.

Uncode: Naturalización de la violencia.

Human smuggling

Automatic code:

English:

"human smuggling" OR "smuggling in persons" OR "smuggling in people" OR "human smuggler" OR "human smugglers" OR "migrant smuggling” OR "migrant smuggler” OR "migrant smugglers”

French:

"contrebande de personnes" OR "contrebande d'êtres humains" OR "contrebande de migrants" OR "passage de personnes" OR "passage d'êtres humains"

Spanish:

"contrabando de seres humanos" OR "contrabando de migrantes" OR "contrabando de personas" OR "contrabando humano"

Trafficking in persons

Automatic code:

English:

"human trafficking" OR "trafficking in people" OR "trafficking in persons" OR "people trafficking" OR "human trafficker" OR "trafficking victim" OR "trafficking victims" OR "victims of trafficking"

French:

"trafic d'êtres humains" OR "trafic illicite des migrants" OR "trafic d'etres humains" OR "trafic des personnes" OR "trafic de personnes" OR "traite d'êtres humains" OR "traite des personnes" OR "traite de personnes" OR "trafiquant d'êtres humains" OR "trafiquant d'etres humains" OR "trafiquant des personnes" OR "trafiquants d'êtres humains" OR "trafiquants d'etres humains" OR "trafiquants des personnes" OR "victimes de traite" OR "victimes de la traite" OR "victimes de trafic" OR "victimes du trafic"

Spanish:

"tráfico humano" OR "tráfico ilícito de seres humanos" OR "tráfico de seres humanos" OR "tráfico de personas" OR "trata de seres humanos" OR "trata humana"

"trafico humano" OR "trafico ilícito de seres humanos" OR "trafico de seres humanos" OR "trafico de personas" OR "comercio con personas" OR "comercio de personas"

OR

"trata de personas" OR "traficante humano" OR "traficante de seres humanos" OR "traficante de personas" OR "tratante de personas" OR
"víctimas de trata" OR "victimas de trata" OR "víctimas de la trata" OR "victimas de la trata" OR "víctimas del tráfico" OR "victimas del tráfico" OR "victimas del trafico" OR "víctimas de tráfico" OR "victimas de tráfico" OR "victimas de trafico"

"tráfico humano" OR "tráfico ilícito de seres humanos" OR "tráfico de seres humanos" OR "tráfico de personas" OR "trata de seres humanos" OR "trata humana" OR "trafico humano" OR "trafico ilícito de seres humanos" OR "trafico de seres humanos" OR "trafico de personas" OR "comercio con personas" OR "comercio de personas" OR "trata de personas" OR "traficante humano" OR "traficante de seres humanos" OR "traficante de personas" OR "tratante de personas" OR "víctimas de trata" OR "victimas de trata" OR "víctimas de la trata" OR "victimas de la trata" OR "víctimas del tráfico" OR "victimas del tráfico" OR "victimas del trafico" OR "víctimas de tráfico" OR "victimas de tráfico" OR "victimas de trafico"

Deportation

Automatic code:

English:

deport*

French:

expuls* OR déport* OR deport*

Spanish:

deporta* OR expuls*

Manual check:

Spanish:

“deportado/a” can also make a reference to a particular story that should be in the headlines

Unaccompanied minor

Automatic code:

English:

"unaccompanied minor" OR "unaccompanied child" OR "unaccompanied minors" OR "unaccompanied children"

French:

"mineurs non accompagnés" OR "mineurs nonaccompagnés" OR "mineur non accompagné" OR "mineur nonaccompagné" OR "enfants non accompagnés" OR "enfant non accompagné" OR "enfants nonaccompagnés" OR "enfant nonaccompagné"

Spanish:

"menores no acompañados" OR "menores noacompañados" OR "menores extranjeros no acompañados" OR "menores extranjeros noacompañados" OR "niñas noacompañadas"

"niñas noacompañados" OR "niños noacompañados" OR "niñas no acompañadas"

"niñas no acompañados" OR "niños no acompañados"

“niños noacompañados” to capture phrases such as “niños y niñas noacompañados”

Relocate

Automatic code:

English:

resettle* OR relocate*

French:

réinstall* OR reinstall*

Spanish:

reasenta* OR reubica*

Reinstallation can be used both for international resettlement and for internal relocation.

Mobility

Automatic code:

English:

"human mobility"

French:

"mobilité humaine"

Spanish:

"movilidad humana"

Global citizenship

Automatic code:

English:

"global citizenship" OR "universal citizenship" OR "world citizenship"

French:

"citoyenneté globale" OR "citoyennete globale" OR "citoyenneté mundiale" OR "citoyennete mondiale" OR "citoyenneté universale"

Spanish:

"ciudadania universal" OR "ciudadania global" OR "ciudadania mundial"

Internal migration

Automatic code:

English:

"internal migration" OR "internal migrant" OR "internal migrants" OR "urban migrant" OR "urban migrants" OR "urban migration" OR "rural migrant" OR "rural migrants" OR "rural migrant" OR "rural migration" OR "domestic migrants" OR "domestic migrant" OR "domestic migration"

French:

"migration interne" OR "migrations internes" OR "migrant interne" OR "migrants interne" OR "migrants internes" OR "migration urbaine" OR "migration urbain" OR "migrations urbaines" OR "migrant urbain" OR "migrants urbain" OR "migrants urbaines" OR "migration rurale" OR "migrations rurales" OR "migrations rural" OR "migrant rural" OR "migrants rural" OR "migrants ruraux" OR "migration domestique" OR "migrations domestiques" OR "migrant domestique" OR "migrants domestique" OR "migrants domestiques"

Spanish:

"migración interna" OR "migracion interna" OR "migraciones internas" OR "migrante interno" OR "migrantes internos" OR "migrante interna" OR "migrantes internas" OR "migración urbana" OR "migracion urbana" OR "migraciones urbanas" OR "migrante urbano" OR "migrantes urbanos" OR "migrante urbana" OR "migrantes urbanas" OR "migración rural" OR "migracion rural" OR "migraciones rurales" OR "migrante rural" OR "migrantes rural" OR "migrante rural" OR "migrantes rural"

The Spanish search for “migrante domestico” results mostly in hits on domestic workers, which is why it was omitted.

Step 2: Since every time a document mentions the Int Organization for MIGRATION or the UN High Commissioner for REFUGEES these keywords are counted, we first want to automatically uncode them and then in the next step recode then as IOM/UNHCR. This needs to be run AFTER executing the above automatic code commands (1.1-1.13)

IOM

Automatic uncode:

English

"International Organization for Migration" OR "International Organization of Migration" OR "International Organisation for Migration" OR "International Organisation of Migration" OR "Organisation Mondiale de la Migration"

French:

"Organisation Internationale pour les Migrations" OR "Organisation Internationale pour la Migration" OR "Organisation Internationale de la Migration"

Spanish:

"Organización Internacional Para las Migraciones" OR "Organizacion Internacional Para las Migraciones" OR "Organización Internacional Para la Migracion" OR "Organizacion Internacional Para la Migracion" OR "Organización Internacional de las Migracion" OR "Organizacion Internacional de las Migracion" OR "Organización Internacional Para la Migración" OR "Organizacion Internacional Para la Migración" OR "Organización Internacional de las Migración" OR "Organizacion Internacional de las Migración"

Manual check:

Some misspellings are not covered by the automatic code. These need to be coded manually. E.g. sometimes the texts have dashes Refu-gee … or Organi- zation that will not be picked up. And these need to be uncoded as general ref to “migration/refugees”

UNHCR

Automatic uncode:

English:

"High Commissioner for Refugees" OR "High Commissioner of Refugees" OR "High Commission for Refugees" OR "High Commission of Refugees" OR "Refugee High Commissioner" OR "Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees" OR "Relief and Works Agency for Palestinian Refugees"

French:

"commissariat des Nations unies pour les réfugiés" OR "commissariat des Nations unies pour réfugiés" OR "commission des Nations unies pour les réfugiés" OR "Commissariat des réfugiés" OR "Haut-Commissariat aux Réfugiés"

Spanish:

"Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados" OR "Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para Refugiados" OR "Comisión de las Naciones Unidas para Refugiados" OR "Comision de las Naciones Unidas para Refugiados" OR "Comisión de las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados" OR "Comision de las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados"

Manual check:

Some misspellings are not covered by the automatic code. These need to be uncoded manually. E.g. sometimes the texts have dashes Refu-gee … or Organi- zation that will not be picked up. And these need to be uncoded as general ref to “migration/refugees”

Uncode false expatriate

Automatic uncode:

English:

"overseas development" OR "overseas assistance" OR "overseas aid" OR "overseas territories" or "overseas territory" OR "overseas remittances" OR "overseas worker remittances" OR "overseas workers remittances" OR "overseas markets" OR "overseas market"

French:

"investissements étrangers" OR "investissements etrangers" OR "investissement étranger" OR "investissement etranger" OR "territoire Outremer" OR "territoires Outremer"

Spanish

"inversiones extranjeras" OR "inversiónes extranjeras" OR "inversion extranjera" OR "inversión extranjera" OR "relaciones exteriors" OR "politica exterior" OR "comercio exterior"

Uncode migrant remittances from migration

Mentions to “migrant remittances” would count twice if they are counted as migration and remittance reference. Thus, they need to be uncoded from the migration count.

English:

"migrant remittances” OR "migrant remittance" OR "migrants remittances” OR "migrants remit" OR "trafficking of migrants" OR "migrant trafficking" OR "smuggling of migrants" OR "migrant smuggling" OR "smugglers of migrants" OR "migrant smugglers"

French:

"transferts des migrants" OR "transferts de migrants" OR "migrants transfèrent" OR "migrants transferent" OR "contrebande de migrants"

Spanish:

"remesas de los emigrantes" OR "remesas de emigrantes" OR "remesas de los migrantes" OR "remesas de migrantes" OR "contrabando de migrantes"