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Notes
Conservative and Unionist Central Office, The Industrial Charter, A Statement of Conservative Industrial Policy, 1947.
Benjamin Disraeli, Sybil, or The Two Nations, (London, Macmillan and Co, 1895).
Stanley Baldwin quoted in Alistair Lexden, One Nation Conservatism - Created by Baldwin, boosted by the ghost of Disraeli, 22 December 2019, https://www.alistairlexden.org.uk/news/one-nation-conservatism-created-baldwin-boosted-ghost-disraeli [consulted 24 May 2022].
Iain Macleod, and Angus Maude (eds), One Nation: A Tory Approach to Social Problems (London, Conservative Political Centre, 1950).
Andrew Gamble, The Free Economy and the Strong State: The Politics of Thatcherism (London, Macmillan Education Ltd, 1988) p. 151.
Robert Walsha,, ‘The One Nation Group: A Tory Approach to Backbench Politics and Organization’, 1950-55, Twentieth Century British History, 11:2 (2000), p. 184.
David Seawright, The British Conservative Party and One Nation Politics, (New York and London, Continuum, 2010), p. 119.
Ian Gilmour and Mark Garnett, Whatever Happened to the Tories? The Conservatives since 1945 (London, Fourth Estate, 1997), p. vii.
David Willetts, Modern Conservatism, (Harmondsworth, Penguin Books Ltd, 1992), p. 11.
Raphaele Espiet Kilty, ‘What Does It Mean to Be Leader of a “One Nation Conservative Government”? The Case of Boris Johnson’, Revue française de civilisation britannique, XXV:3 (2020), p .45
Richard Hayton, ‘The demise of the One Nation tradition’, Global Discourse 5:1 (2014), p. 93.
Hugh Bochel, ‘One Nation Conservatism and social policy, 1951–64’. Journal of Poverty and Social Justice 18:2 (2010), pp. 123–134; Hickson, Kevin, ‘Thatcherism, poverty and social justice’, Journal of Poverty and Social Justice 18:2 (2010) pp. 135–145; Heppell, Timothy, The Tories: From Winston Churchill to David Cameron (London, Bloomsbury Academic, 2015).
Robert Walsha, ‘An Interview with David Willets, MP’, Contemporary British History, 17:2 (2003), p. 130; Robert Walsha, ‘One Nation Group and One Nation Conservatism’, 1950–2002. Contemporary British History, 17:2 (2003), p. 105.
David Seawright, The British Conservative Party and One Nation Politics. (New York and London, Continuum, 2010), p. 25.
Nick Timothy, Remaking One Nation: The Future of Conservatism, (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2020) p. 228.
1998 interview with Lord Biffen quoted in Robert Walsha, ‘One Nation Group and One Nation Conservatism’, 1950–2002. Contemporary British History, 17:2 (2003), p. 105.
Paul Addison, A Conspicuous Failure: Lord Randolph Churchill, 12 September 2017, https://winstonchurchill.org/publications/finest-hour/finest-hour-176/conspicuous-failure-lord-randolph-churchill/ [consulted 24 May 2022].
Kevin Hickson, Robert Page and Ben Williams, ‘Strangled at birth: the One Nation ideology of Theresa May’ Journal of Political Ideologies 25:3 (2020) p. 338.
Raphaele Espiet Kilty, ‘What Does It Mean to Be Leader of a “One Nation Conservative Government”? The Case of Boris Johnson’, Revue française de civilisation britannique, XXV:3 (2020), p .45.
Stephen Evans, ‘The not so odd couple: Margaret Thatcher and one nation conservatism’, Contemporary British History 23:1 (2009) p. 105.
Kevin Hickson, Robert Page and Ben Williams, ‘Strangled at birth: the One Nation ideology of Theresa May’ Journal of Political Ideologies 25:3 (2020) p. 338.
Ibid., pp. 338-339.
Ibid., p. 338.
Ian Gilmour and Mark Garnett, Whatever Happened to the Tories? The Conservatives since 1945 (London, Fourth Estate, 1997), p. vii.
Christopher Brocklebank-Fowler defected to the Social Democratic Party in March 1981 during a debate on the budget.
Robert Blake, The Conservative Party from Peel to Major (London, William Heinemann Ltd, 1997), p. 346.
Peter Dorey, British Conservatism: The Politics and Philosophy of Inequality (London, I.B.Tauris, 2010), p. 71.
Austin Robinson, ‘Reviewed Work: The Middle Way. by Harold MacMillan’, The Economic Journal, 48:191, (1938) pp. 551–554; Lloyd G. Reynolds, ‘Reviewed Work: The Middle Way: A Study of the Problem of Economic and Social Progress in a Free and Democratic Society by Harold Macmillan’, Journal of Political Economy 47:5 (1939), pp. 722–723.
Robert Walsha, ‘One Nation Group and One Nation Conservatism’, 1950–2002. Contemporary British History, 17:2 (2003), p. 99.
Ibid., p. 107; David Seawright, The British Conservative Party and One Nation Politics. (New York and London, Continuum, 2010), p. 17.
Dean Blackburn, ‘Reassessing Britain’s Post-war Consensus’, British Politics 13:2 (2018), pp. 195-214.
Ben Pimlott, Dennis Kavanagh and Peter Morris, Is the ‘postwar consensus’ a myth? Contemporary Record 2:6 (1989), p. 14
James Prior, A Balance of Power, (London, Hamish Hamilton Ltd, 1986), pp. 133-134.
Francis Pym, The Politics of Consent, (Second Edition, London, Sphere Books Ltd, 1985).
Ian Gilmour, Dancing with Dogma (London, Simon & Schuster Ltd, 1992), p. 30.
Ibid., pp. 42-44.
Norman Tebbit, Upwardly Mobile, (London, Futura Publications, 1989), p. 228.
Ian Gilmour, ‘How Major is destroying Disraeli’s legacy’, The Daily Telegraph, 9 July 1996, p. 18. Gilmour’s identified four constants in One Nation Conservatism (1) partnership with Europe; (2) “the importance of the social services”; (3) concern for the wellbeing of the entire country and (4) a continuing view that neoliberal economic doctrine is alien to one nation conservatism.
Robin Harris, The Conservatives: A History (London, Bantam Press, 2011), pp. 373-375.
Robert Blake, The Conservative Party from Peel to Major (London, William Heinemann Ltd, 1997), p. 255.
David Willetts, ‘The New Conservatism? 1945–1951’ in Stuart Ball and Anthony Seldon (eds.), Recovering Power, The Conservatives in Opposition since 1867, (London, Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005) p. 170.
Ibid., p. 171.
Timothy Heppell, The Tories: From Winston Churchill to David Cameron (London, Bloomsbury Academic, 2015), p. 15.
Ibid., p. 35.
Peter Dorey, British Conservatism: The Politics and Philosophy of Inequality (London, I.B. Tauris, 2010), p. 79.
Ian Gilmour and Mark Garnett, Whatever Happened to the Tories? The Conservatives since 1945 (London, Fourth Estate, 1997), p. 34.
Thomas Lindsay and Michael Harrington, The Conservative Party, 1918 – 1979, (Second Edition, London and Basingstoke, Macmillan Press Ltd, 1979), p. 151.
John Ramsden, The Making of Conservative Party Policy, (New York: Longman Group Ltd, 1980), p. 109.
Gilmour, Ian and Garnett, Mark, Whatever Happened to the Tories? The Conservatives since 1945 (London, Fourth Estate, 1997), p. 33.
Richard. Austen Butler, The Art of the Possible (London, Hamish Hamilton Ltd, 1971), p. 133.
Phillip Norton, The Conservative Party, (London, Pretence Hall/Harvester Wheatsheaf,1996), p. 46.
Dennis Kavanagh, Thatcherism and British Politics. The End of Consensus? (Second Edition, New York, Oxford University Press, 1990), p. 190.
Damian Gren, ‘One Nation’ in Kevin Hickson (ed.) The Political Thought of the Conservative Party Since 1945, (Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, 2005) p. 216.
Reginald Maulding, Memoirs, (London, Sidgwick & Jackson, 1978), p. 44.
Conservative and Unionist Central Office, The Industrial Charter, A Statement of Conservative Industrial Policy, 1947, pp. 3-5.
Ibid., pp. 6-9.
Ibid., pp. 10-27.
Ibid., pp. 28-34.
Richard Austen Butler, The Art of the Possible (London, Hamish Hamilton Ltd, 1971), p. 135.
Ibid., p. 135.
Ian Gilmour, Inside Right: A Study of Conservatism (London, Hutchinson & Co, 1977), pp. 132-140.
Richard Austen Butler, The Art of the Possible (London, Hamish Hamilton Ltd, 1971), p. 146.
Conservative and Unionist Central Office, The Industrial Charter, A Statement of Conservative Industrial Policy, 1947, p. 3.
John Barnes, ‘Ideology and Factions’ in Anthony Seldon and Stuart Ball (eds), Conservative Century (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994), p. 331.
Ian Gilmour, Inside Right: A Study of Conservatism (London, Hutchinson & Co, 1977), p. 236.
Peter Dorey, British Conservatism: The Politics and Philosophy of Inequality (London, I.B. Tauris, 2010), p. 85.
Conservative and Unionist Central Office, The Industrial Charter, A Statement of Conservative Industrial Policy, 1947, p. 10.
Ibid., p. 4.
David Roberts, ‘Tory Paternalism and Social Reform in Early Victorian England’, The American Historical Review, 63:2 (1958), pp. 323-337; William H. Greenleaf, The British Political Tradition, Vol. 2: The Ideological Heritage, (New York, Methuen & Co Ltd, 1983), pp. 196-205.
Peter Dorey, ‘A new direction or another false dawn? David Cameron and the crisis of British Conservatism’, British Politics 2:2 (2007), p. 139.
Peter Dorey and Mark Garnett, ‘The weaker-willed, the craven-hearted’: the decline of One Nation Conservatism, Global Discourse 5:1 (2015), p. 75.
Ibid.
Conservative and Unionist Central Office, The Industrial Charter, A Statement of Conservative Industrial Policy, 1947, pp. 15-16.
John Turner, ‘1951-1964’, in Anthony Seldon, (ed.) How Tory Governments Fall: The Tory Party in Power since 1783, (London, Fontana Press, 1996), p. 331.
Quoted in Peter Dorey and Mark Garnett, ‘The weaker-willed, the craven-hearted’: the decline of One Nation Conservatism, Global Discourse 5:1 (2015), p. 73.
Conservative Party Archives, Conservative Research Department 2/7/29, Forward from the Industrial Charter, David Eccles MP, 1948.
Conservative and Unionist Central Office, The Industrial Charter, A Statement of Conservative Industrial Policy, 1947, p. 17.
Ibid., p. 36.
Ibid., p. 14.
Ibid., p. 15.
Ibid., p. 24.
Ibid., p. 39.
Peter Dorey, ‘‘Don’t intervene, don’t get involved’: the Conservative Party’s voluntarist approach to industrial relations and trade unionism, 1951–1964’, Contemporary British History 32:3 (2018), p. 408.
Ibid., p. 428.
Conservative and Unionist Central Office, The Industrial Charter, A Statement of Conservative Industrial Policy, 1947, p. 21.
Ibid., p. 28.
Ibid.
Ibid., p. 29.
Ibid., p. 39.
John Ramsden, The Making of Conservative Party Policy, (New York: Longman Group Ltd, 1980), p. 109.
Conservative and Unionist Central Office, The Industrial Charter, A Statement of Conservative Industrial Policy, 1947, pp. 31-32.
Ibid., p. 40.
Ibid., p. 33.
Ibid., p. 40.
Peter Dorey, ‘‘Don’t intervene, don’t get involved’: the Conservative Party’s voluntarist approach to industrial relations and trade unionism, 1951–1964’, Contemporary British History 32:3 (2018), pp. 408-436.
Thatcher, Margaret, The Path to Power, (London, HarperCollins 2011), pp. 109-110.
Peter Dorey, British Conservatism: The Politics and Philosophy of Inequality (London, I.B.Tauris, 2010), p. 80.
Timothy Heppell, The Tories: From Winston Churchill to David Cameron (London, Bloomsbury Academic, 2015), p. 17.
Conservative Party Archives, Conservative Research Department 2/7/29 The Conservative Industrial Charter Attacked, Sir Waldron Smithers, July 1947.
Harold Macmillan speech at Church House, Westminster, 14 June 1947, quoted in Harold Macmillan, Tides of Fortune, (London, Macmillan and Co, 1969), p. 306.
Ian Gilmour and Mark Garnett, Whatever Happened to the Tories? The Conservatives since 1945 (London, Fourth Estate, 1997), p. 33.
Margaret Thatcher, The Path to Power, (London, HarperCollins 2011), p. 49.
Peter Dorey, ‘‘Don’t intervene, don’t get involved’: the Conservative Party’s voluntarist approach to industrial relations and trade unionism, 1951–1964’, Contemporary British History 32:3 (2018), p. 412.
Conservative and Unionist Central Office, The Right Road for Britain, The Conservative Party’s Statement of Policy, 1949, p. 23.
Peter Dorey, British Conservatism: The Politics and Philosophy of Inequality (London, I.B. Tauris, 2010).
in Peter Dorey and Mark Garnett, ‘The weaker-willed, the craven-hearted’: the decline of One Nation Conservatism, Global Discourse 5:1 (2015), p. 72.
Harold Macmillan, Tides of Fortune, (London, Macmillan and Co, 1969), p. 303.
Richard Austen Butler, The Art of the Possible (London, Hamish Hamilton Ltd, 1971), pp. 146-147.
Harold Macmillan, Tides of Fortune, (London, Macmillan and Co, 1969), p. 303; Butler, Richard. Austen, The Art of the Possible (London, Hamish Hamilton Ltd, 1971), p. 147.
Peter Dorey, ‘‘Don’t intervene, don’t get involved’: the Conservative Party’s voluntarist approach to industrial relations and trade unionism, 1951–1964’, Contemporary British History 32:3 (2018), p. 414.
Ben Pimlott, Dennis Kavanagh and Peter Morris, Is the ‘postwar consensus’ a myth? Contemporary Record 2:6 (1989); Paul Addison, The Road to 1945: British Politics and the Second World War, Rev. ed. (London, Pimlico, 1994); David Dutton, British Politics since 1945: The rise, fall and rebirth of consensus (Oxford, Wiley-Blackwell, 1997).
Harold Macmillan, Tides of Fortune, (London, Macmillan and Co, 1969), p. 304.
Andrew Boxer, The Conservative Governments 1951-64 (Harlow, Addison Wesley Longman Ltd, 1996), p. 26.
Richard Austen Butler, The Art of the Possible (London, Hamish Hamilton Ltd, 1971), pp. 158-160.
D.R. Thorpe, Supermac, The Life of Harold Macmillan, (London, Chatto & Windus, 2010), p. 286.
Andrew Boxer, The Conservative Governments 1951-64 (Harlow, Addison Wesley Longman Ltd, 1996), p. 29.
John Turner, ‘1951-1964’, in Anthony Seldon, (ed.) How Tory Governments Fall: The Tory Party in Power since 1783, (London, Fontana Press, 1996), p. 328.
Richard Hayton, ‘The demise of the One Nation tradition’, Global Discourse 5:1 (2014), pp. 92–95.
John Turner, ‘1951-1964’, in Anthony Seldon, (ed.) How Tory Governments Fall: The Tory Party in Power since 1783, (London, Fontana Press, 1996), p. 320.
Chris Cooper, ‘Little local difficulties revisited: Peter Thorneycroft, the 1958 treasury resignations and the origins of Thatcherism’, Contemporary British History 25:2 (2011) pp. 227-250.
Robert .M Page, ‘‘Progressive’ Turns in Post-1945 Conservative Social Policy’, Political Studies Review 12:1, (2014) p. 20.
Conservative and Unionist Central Office, The Industrial Charter, A Statement of Conservative Industrial Policy, 1947, p. 4.
Ibid.
Conservative Party Archives, ACP (54), Advisory Committee on Policy, 19th meeting, 18 June 1954
Ian Macleod and Angus Maude (eds), One Nation: A Tory Approach to Social Problems (London, Conservative Political Centre, 1950), p. 9.
Robert .M Page, ‘‘Progressive’ Turns in Post-1945 Conservative Social Policy’, Political Studies Review 12:1, (2014) pp. 17-28
Hugh Bochel, ‘One Nation Conservatism and social policy, 1951–64’. Journal of Poverty and Social Justice 18:2 (2010), p. 128
Ian Gilmour, ‘How Major is destroying Disraeli’s legacy’, The Daily Telegraph, 9 July 1996, p. 18.
Paul Bridgen, ‘The one nation idea and state welfare: The conservatives and pensions in the 1950s’, Contemporary British History 14:3 (2000), p. 84.
Hugh Bochel, ‘One Nation Conservatism and social policy, 1951–64’. Journal of Poverty and Social Justice 18:2 (2010), p. 129
Michael Hilll, Welfare State in Britain: A Political History since 1945, (Aldeshot, Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, 1993), pp. 51-53.
Nigel Fisher, Iain Macleod (Tonbridge, Andre Deutsch, 1973), p. 93.
Rudolph Klein, The New Politics of the NHS: From Creation to Reinvention, (Sixth Edition, Abingdon: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd, 2010), p. 41.
Michael Hill, Welfare State in Britain: A Political History since 1945, (Aldeshot, Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, 1993), p. 59.
Hugh Bochel, ‘One Nation Conservatism and social policy, 1951–64’. Journal of Poverty and Social Justice 18:2 (2010), p. 130.
Andrew J Taylor, ‘The Party and The Trade Unions’ in Anthony Seldon and Stuart Ball (eds), Conservative Century (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1994), p. 517.
Ben Rosamond, ‘Contemporary Conservatism and Trade Unionism’ in Steve Ludlam and Martin J. Smith (eds.) Contemporary British Conservatism, (Basingstoke, Macmillan Press Ltd, 1996), p. 188.
Quoted in Andrew Boxer, The Conservative Governments 1951-64 (Harlow, Addison Wesley Longman Ltd, 1996), p. 7.
Ian Gilmour and Mark Garnett, Whatever Happened to the Tories? The Conservatives since 1945 (London, Fourth Estate, 1997), pp. 82-83.
Andrew J Taylor, ‘The Party and The Trade Unions’ in Anthony Seldon and Stuart Ball (eds), Conservative Century (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1994), p. 519.
Peter Dorey, ‘‘Don’t intervene, don’t get involved’: the Conservative Party’s voluntarist approach to industrial relations and trade unionism, 1951–1964’, Contemporary British History 32:3 (2018), p. 423.
Ibid., p. 427.
John Ramsden, ‘A Party for Owners or a Party for Earners?’ How Far Did the British Conservative Party Really Change after 1945?’ Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 37 (1987), p. 60.
Conservative Party Archives, Conservative Central Office 4/2/83 Woolton to Hutchinson, 1949.
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